Musclar/neuro system
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| Arthr/o | Joint
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| Chondr/o | Cartilage
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| Cost/o | Rib
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| Crani/o | Skull
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| Ligament/o | ligament
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| Muscul/o | muscle
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| My/o | muscle
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| Myos/o | muscle
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| Myel/o | bone marrow
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| oste/o | bone
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| Pelv/o | pelvis, hipbone
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| Spondyl/o | vertebra
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| Vertebr/o | vertebra
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| ten/o | tendon
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| tendin/o | tendon
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| Arthroscopy | Process of visual examination of a joint
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| Chondroma | benign tumor of cartilage
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| costochondritits | inflammation of a rib and its cartilage
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| craniotomy | incision of the skull
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| ligamentous | pertaining to a ligament
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| muscular | pertaining to muscles
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| Myosarcoma | Tumor of muscle
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| Myositis | inflammation of a muscle
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| myelodysplasia | abnormal development of bone marrow
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| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow
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| pelvic | pertaining to bone of the hip area
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| spondylosis | abnormal condition of a vertebra or vertebrae
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| intervertebral | pertaining to lying between two backbones
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| tenorrhaphy | suture of a tendon
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| tendinitis | inflammation of a tendon
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| Ankylosing spondylitis | Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine and hip
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| Carpal tunnel syndrome | compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist
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| Gouty arthritis | Inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid. Also called gout
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| Muscular dystrophy | An inherited disorder characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers
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| Osteoprosis | Decrease in bone density with thinning and weakening of bone.
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| Rheumatoid arthritis | Chronic inflammation of joints; pain, swelling, and stiffening, especially in the small joints of the hands and feet.
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| Antinuclear antibody (ANA) test | Test in which a sample of plasma is tested for the presence of antibodies found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
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| Arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint
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| Arthrography | X-ray imaging of a joint
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| Arthroscopy | Visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope
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| Bone density test | Low-energy x-ray are used to image bones in the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist to detect areas of bone deficiency.
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| Bone scan | Procedure in which a radioactive substance is injected intravenously and its uptake in bones is measured with a special scanning device
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| Calcium level | Measurement of the amount of calcium in a sample of blood (serum). This test is important in evaluating diseases of bone.
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| Electromyography (EMG) | Recording of the strength of muscle contraction resulting from electrical stimulation
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| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | Measurement of the rate at which red blood cells fall to the bottom of a test tube. High sedimentation rates are associated with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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| Muscle biopsy | The removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination
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| Uric acid test | Measurement of the amount of uric acid in a sample of blood. hight uric acid levels are associated with gouty arthritis.
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| Arthroplasty | Surgical repair of a joint. Total hip arthroplasty is the replacement of the head of the femur (thigh bone) and acetabulum (cup-shaped portion of the hip socket) with artificial parts that are cemented into the bone.
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| Endoscopic diskectomy | Surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disk with an endoscope
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| Laminectomy | Surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization and removal of a portion of a protruding disk
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| Microscopic diskectromy | Surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disk with an incision that is 1 or 2 inches long and visualization of the surgical field with an operating microscope
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| Vertebroplasty | Surgical repair of vertebrae. Special cement is injected into backbones to strengthen them and to relieve pain caused by compression factures
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| ACL | Anterior cruciate ligament (of the knee)
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| ANA | Antinuclear antibody
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| C1-C7 | Cervical vertebrae
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| Ca | Calcium
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| DOMS | Delayed-onset muscle soreness
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| EMG | electromyography
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| ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
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| IM | Intramuscular
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| L1-L5 | Lumbar vertebrae
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| NSAID | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (prescribed to treat joint disorders)
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| Ortho | Orthopedics (or orthopaedics)
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| PT | Physical therapy
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| ROM | Range of motion
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| T1-T12 | Thoracic vertebrae
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