Biology 158
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| pathogen | disease-causing agent
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| prion | an infectious particle made of protein rather than DNA or RNA
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| sterilization | effective means of killing pathogens using heat and pressure
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| photoheterotroph | a type of bacterium that is photosynthetic, but also requires organic compounds for nutrition
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| spirillum | a spiral shaped bacteria
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| flagellum | a structure prokaryotes use to propel themselves
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| nitrogen fixation | the process of converting nitrogen into a form that plants can use
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| binary fission | bacteria may reproduce by this process
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| antibiotic | compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria
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| conjugation | how bacteria exchange genetic material
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| endospore | protective capsule that can remain dormant until favorable conditions for growth arise
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| bacilli | rod-shaped bacterium
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| prokaryotic | single-celled type of microorganism that lacks a nucleus
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| cocci | sphere-shaped bacterium
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| chemoautotroph | organism that obtains energy directly from inorganic molecules
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| retrovirus | virus that stores its genetic information as RNA
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| bacteriophage | virus that infects bacteria
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| virus | composed of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, infectious organism that replicates itself in the cells of a host
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| lysis | process of bursting cells
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| lytic | type of viral infection in which the host cell bursts and is destroyed
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| lysogenic | type of infection in which a host cell makes copies of the virus indefinitely
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| vaccine | part of a virus that has been killed or attenuated used to prevent viral infection
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| capsid | the outer protein coat of a virus
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| transcription | constructing a mRNA molecule using a DNA molecule as a template; results in the transfer of genetic
information to the mRNA
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| variant | a variation of a particular strain of virus or infective agent; slightly different in form or function
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| messenger RNA | used as the carrier of genetic codes and information directly from DNA to cell structures
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| mutation | a rearrangement of genes or change in base pairs so they produce different effects within their
environment
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| nucleic acid | an organic compound made up of a phosphoric acid, a carbohydrate and a base of purine or pyrimidine;
formed in helical chains
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| nucleus | a cellular organelle that is the essential control mechanism for cell function; contains the DNA and
genetic material
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| parasite | an organism living in or on another organism that depends on its host for existence or support and gives
nothing in return
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| genes | a sequence of DNA or RNA that is located on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance
controlling the transmission of traits and function of other genetic material
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| hereditary material | material responsible for the transmission of qualities from ancestor to descendant through
genes
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| host | a living organism, which provides subsistence or lodgment to a parasite
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| antibody | proteins created in blood and tissue by the immune system to help neutralize and destroy possible
threats
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| antigen | a toxin or enzyme which stimulates reactions from a body's immune system
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| photoautotroph | Prokaryote that carries out photosynthesis in a manner similar to that of plants
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Created by:
allinone
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