Literary Terms
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alliteration | series of words have the same letter or sound (example: She sells sea shells by the sea shore.)
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allegory | a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one (Animal Farm is an allegory)
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allusion | a reference to something else
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antagonist | a person who is opposed to, struggles against, or competes with another opponent; adversary
(example: Jack in Lord of the Flies is an antagonist.)
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argument | an exchange of opposing views
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character | a person/animal in a novel
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characterization | description of a character, can be either what they look like (short, tall, skinning, brown hair) or describe a trait (honest, brave, funny)
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citation | giving credit to a quotation
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claim | statement that is true; can either be factual or opinion
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conflict | a struggle between two opposing forces (examples: man vs. himself, man vs. society, man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. supernatural)
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contrast | describe the difference between two items
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dialect | language of people, may be based on location, social status and race
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dialogue | conversation
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dramatic irony | reader knows something, but the character in the book does not know
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direct characterization | the author states a character's trait
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evidence | used to support a claim
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exposition | introduce background information on events, characters, setting
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external conflict | struggle between character and outside force (nature, another character, society)
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flashback | a section of a literary work that interrupts the chronological presentation of events to relate an event from an early time
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foreshadowing | hints at an important plot developments to come
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hyperbole | exaggerates an idea
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illusion | a reference to something else
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imagery | appeals to our sense of smell, sight, taste, touch or hearing
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indirect characterization | we read the words/thoughts/actions of a character; we read descriptions of a character's appearance; we read what other characters are thinking
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irony | a situation that ends up differently than one would have expected
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metaphor | comparison of two dissimilar things
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mood | reader has emotional feelings as they read
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motif | subject, idea or concept that is present throughout the whole story
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narrator | person who tells the story
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onomatopoeia | word whose sound imitates its meaning (example: whoosh, drip, pop)
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personification | giving human qualities to a non-human object (example: The leaves waved in the wind)
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plot | the events that make up the story
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point of view | manner in which the story is narrated (first person - "I", third person - "he" or "she"
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propaganda | used to influence ideas of society
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rhetorical question | question that is asked to make a point, but does not need to be answered
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setting | time and place of a story
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simile | a direct comparison between two subjects using either "like" or "as"
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situational irony | when something happens that is different that what is expected
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symbol | something that stands for something else (example: the conch in Lord of the Flies symbolizes order)
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symbolism | something that stands for something else
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thesis | sentence giving main point of essay
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theme | main point of story
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