Endocrine System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exocrine glands | produce nonhormonal substances, such as sweat and saliva, and have ducts that carry these substances to a membrane surface
🗑
|
||||
| Endocrine glands | also called ductless glands, produce hormones and lack ducts.
🗑
|
||||
| The endocrine glands include the | pitutitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands.
🗑
|
||||
| Autocrines | chemicals that exert their effects on the same cells that secret them.
🗑
|
||||
| Paracrines | act locally (within the same tissue) but affect cell types other than those releasing the paracrine chemicals.
🗑
|
||||
| Target cells | A hormone influences the activity of only those tissue cells that have receptors for it
🗑
|
||||
| Water-soluble hormone | (all amino acid-based hormones except thyriod hormone) act on receptors in the plasma membrane.
🗑
|
||||
| Lipid-soluble hormones | (steroid and thryoid hormones) act on receptors inside the cell, which directly activate genes.
🗑
|
||||
| Negative feedback mechanism | occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.
🗑
|
||||
| Up-regulation | low levels of a hormone can cause its target cells to form additional receptors for that hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Down-regulation | desensitizes the target cells so they respond less vigorously to hormonal stimulation, preventing them from overreacting to persistently high hormone levels.
🗑
|
||||
| Permissiveness | is the situation in which one hormone cannot exert its full effects without another hormone being present
🗑
|
||||
| Synergism | occurs when more than one hormone produces the same effects as the target cell and their combined effects are amplified
🗑
|
||||
| Antagonism | occurs when one hormone opposes the action of another
🗑
|
||||
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | Thyroid-releasing hormon (TRH); target is thyroid gland. It stimulates the secretion of thryoid hormones
🗑
|
||||
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); targets ovaries and testes (gonads). Females-stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production. Males-stimulates sperm production
🗑
|
||||
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | Females-triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production production of estrogen and progesterone. Males-stimulates testosterone production
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | Targets adrenal cortex. Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and androgens
🗑
|
||||
| Growth hormone (GH) | Targets liver, muscle, bone, and cartilage. Stimulates body growth and protein synthesis, mobilizes fat and conserves glucose
🗑
|
||||
| Prolactin (PRL) | Stimulates milk production (lactation)
🗑
|
||||
| Oxytocin | Nerve impulses from hypothalamus neurons in response to cervical/uterine stretch or suckling of an infant. Targets uterus and mammary glands.
🗑
|
||||
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | Nerve impulses from hypothalamic neurons in response to increased blood solute concentration or decreased blood volume. Targets kidneys
🗑
|
||||
| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) | low levels of calcium in the blood. Targets bones and kidneys.
🗑
|
||||
| Positive Feedback mechanism | The output results moves in the same direction as the initial response. The response enhances the original stimulus so the response is accelerated
🗑
|
||||
| Plasma | the colorless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended
🗑
|
||||
| Water, Salts, plasma proteins, Electrolytes | Whats in plasma
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
1368662596514741
Popular Biology sets