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Human Genetics

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Question
Answer
Tay Sachs Disease   Lethal dominant gene won't break down gangliosides in nerve cells, therefore the build up and burst through the neuron Genetic  
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Cystic Fibrosis   Lethal most common in the US Produce too much mucus in the body recessive gene homozygous recessive Genetic  
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Huntington's Disease   Lethal Genetic Dominant gene motor neurons are being destroyed, usually notice by age 35 which the genes have already been passed down by then.  
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Fragile X   Causes the chromosome to bend, found at the end of a x chromosome, leading genetic cause for mental retardation, causes excess of cartilage in there face Sex-linked inheritance  
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Colorblindness   Sex-lined inheritance Recessive allele, cannot differentiate between green&blue, red&yellow  
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Polygenic   Dependent upon alleles in two or more gene pairs  
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Multiple Allelic   Referring to a single gene pair in which there are more than two possible alleles  
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Albinism   A group of inherited disorders characterized by little or no melanin production. Pleiotropic and Epistatic Autosomal Recessive  
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Epistatic   an allele in one gene pair alters the expression of one or more alleles in other gene pairs.  
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Pleiotropic   one allele produces multiple phenotypes  
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Chromosomal Disjunction   a chromosome separates from its homologous during meiosis  
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Chromosomal Nondisjunction   a chromosome fails to separate from its homologous during meiosis (3 instead of 2 chromosome)  
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Monosomy   the condition of having a diploid chromosome complement in which one (usually the X) chromosome lacks its homologous partner.  
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Trisomy   a condition in which an extra copy of a chromosome is present in the cell nuclei, causing developmental abnormalities.  
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Turner's Syndrome   A chromosomal disorder in which a female is born with only one X chromosome  
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Klinefelters Syndrome   A genetic condition in which a male is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome  
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Down Syndrome   A genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays.  
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