SJC S3 Midcurriculum Exam Review
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Velocity (formula) | v=d/t
🗑
|
||||
| Speed of light | 3 x 10^8 meters/second or 186,000 miles/second
🗑
|
||||
| Acceleration (formula) | a=v(f) - v(o) / time •v(f) = final velocity •v(o) = initial velocity
🗑
|
||||
| weight (formula) | mg X 9.8meters/second
(mass in mg X acceleration of gravity on Earth)
🗑
|
||||
| work (formula) | W = Fd
🗑
|
||||
| power (formula) | P = W/time or Fd/time
🗑
|
||||
| Radiation (definition) | The transfer of energy
🗑
|
||||
| Ionizing Radiation (definition) | any type of energy that is capable of removing an orbital electron from matter it interacts with
🗑
|
||||
| Covalent Bond | Sharing of valence electrons
🗑
|
||||
| Ionic Bond | One atom gives up it's valence electron(s) to another, causing each atom to become oppositely charged, and immediately attracted to each other
🗑
|
||||
| Atomic Mass Number | Number of Nucleons
🗑
|
||||
| Atomic Mass | Neutrons + protons (mass estimate since electrons only marginally affect mass)
🗑
|
||||
| Range at which COHERENT SCATTERING can occur | <10 keV - contributes to fog (barely)
🗑
|
||||
| Range at which COMPTON SCATTERING can occur | ANY keV - contributes to fog and patient dose
🗑
|
||||
| Range at which PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT can occur | 30-150 keV - depends on Atomic #, contributes to patient dose
🗑
|
||||
| Range at which PAIR PRODUCTION can occur | >/= 1.022 MeV - does not occur in diagnostic radiography range
🗑
|
||||
| Range at which PHOTODISINTEGRATION can occur | > ~10 MeV - does not occur in diagnostic radiography range
🗑
|
||||
| Differential Absorption (definition) | Process where some of the x-ray beam is absorbed in tissue and some is transmitted through the anatomic part
🗑
|
||||
| Beam Attenuation (definition) | The reduction in intensity (energy) or number of photons of the primary beam as it passes through the patient due to absorption and scatter
🗑
|
||||
| Factors affecting Beam Attenuation | •tissue thickness •types of tissue •beam quality (kVp) •transmission
🗑
|
||||
| Spatial Resolution (definition) | the smallest object that can be detected in an image - sharp lines -line pairs/mm
🗑
|
||||
| Contrast Resolution (definition) | the ability of the IR to distinguish between levels of grey
🗑
|
||||
| Digital: Quantum ______ • Film: Quantum ______ | Digital: Quantum Noise • Film: Quantum Mottle - Not enough photons to complete the image
🗑
|
||||
| Image Artifact | Any unwanted image on a radiograph - dust on IR, foreign body, clothing, scatter/fog
🗑
|
||||
| Dynamic range is more limited in _______ (film or digital)? | Film - more sensitive to repeats due to exposure
🗑
|
||||
| Factors affecting Radiographic Quality | •VISIBILITY (of anatomic structures): contrast and brightness •SHARPNESS (accuracy of structural lines): spatial resolution and distortion
🗑
|
||||
| X-ray interactions in the tube | Bremsstrahlung and Characteristic
🗑
|
||||
| Scatter control methods | 1. optimum kVp 2. field size control 3. scatter absorbing grids 4. air-gap technique
🗑
|
||||
| Factors that determine Quantity of scatter | 1. kVp 2. field size 3. patient thickness
🗑
|
||||
| Types of Grid Designs/Patterns | 1. Linear 2. cross-hatched 3. focused
🗑
|
||||
| Grid Radius of a Focused Grid | Distance from the face of the grid to the point of conversion of the lead strips (determines focal distance range)
🗑
|
||||
| Grid Frequency of a Focused Grid | number of lead strips per centimeter, 25-80/cm or 63-200/inch
🗑
|
||||
| Contrast Improvement Factor (k) of a Focused Grid | k = Contrast with grid / contrast without grid
🗑
|
||||
| Selectivity of a Focused Grid | the ratio of primary to transmitted scattered radiation. "ability to clean up" - more scatter removal = greater selectivity
🗑
|
||||
| Focal Range of a Focused Grid | Recommended SID range to use with a focused grid. commonly 36-42 or 66-74"
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
paigeduh
Popular Radiology sets