Med Surg 3 Exam 5
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| Most leukemia occurs in children. T/F | False.
70% occurs in people > 60 years old.
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| lymphoid: | stem cells that produce lymphocytes
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| myeloid: | stem cells that produce non-lymphoid
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| Most likely patient of: AML | children
adults
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| Most likely patient of: ALL | children
"childhood cancer"
but can see in adults
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| Most likely patient of: CML | adults
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| Most likely patient of: CLL | 55+
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| ANT | anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
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| Which cancer? s/s: fever, infection, fatigue, risk for bleeding, LYMPHADENOPATHY, spleenomegaly (rare) | AML
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| NADIR | 7-10 days after chemo
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| which cancer has the phases 1 (chronic) 2 (transformation) 3 (accelerated)? | CML
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| Which cancer? s/s: fatigue, malaise, anorexia, weight loss, dyspnea, confusion, SPLEENOMEGALY, lymphadenopathy (rare) | CML
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| How do you diagnose CML? | BCR-ABL gene, BMB, CBC diff
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| "Philadelphia chromosome" | BCR-ABL gene
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| PO med for CML | Gleevac
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| Which cancer? s/s: bone pain, lymphadenopathy, spleenomegaly, headache | ALL
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| what is the treatment for ALL? | combo chemo, intrathecal chemo, stem cell transplant
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| The B lymphocytes are affected in which cancer? | CLL
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| which cancer? s/s: increased lymphocytes, lymphadenopathy, spleeomegaly, b symptoms, viral infection | CLL
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| disorder of myeloid stem cells | myleodysplastic syndrome
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| dysplasia of RBC | myelodysplastic syndrome
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| which cancer? s/s: fatigue, BONE MARROW FAILURE, | myelodysplastic syndrome
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| bone marrow treatment is the only cure | myelodysplastic syndrome
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| reed-sternberg cells | hodgkin lymphoma
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| risk factors: virus, immunosuppressive therapy, agent orange | hodgkin
non-hodgkin
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| which cancer? s/s: lymphadenopathy (cervical, mediastinal, supraclavicular), puritus, B symptoms, infections (herpes zoster) | hodgkin lymphoma
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| lymphoma staging: I | local; one node region
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| lymphoma staging: II | two node regions above diaphragm same side
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| lymphoma staging: III | two node regions above below diaphragm
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| lymphoma staging: IV | everywhere; organs
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| what is the treatment goal for hodkins lymphoma | cure
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| which cancer? lymphoid tissue is infiltrated with malignant cells | Non-hodgkins
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| what is the most common NHL? | B cell (aggressive)
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| which cancer? s/s: variable, enlarged lymphnodes, B symptoms, CNS | NHL
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| what does RCHOP treat? | NHL
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| RCHOP stands for: | Rituxan
Cytoxan
Hydroxydanumycin
Onvovin
Prednisolone
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| cancer of the plasma cells | multiple myeloma
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| which cancer? s/s: bone pain (back/ribs), bone breakdown, increase Ca+ (thirsty, dehydrated, confused), renal failure (M protein damages tubules), bone marrow depression | multiple myeloma
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| M protein in blood M protein in urin (Bentz-Jones) CRAB | multiple myeloma
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| where do the stem cells come from for a transplant? | peripheral blood stem cells
umbillical cord newborns
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| allogenic | donor other than patient
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| syngenic | transplant from identical twin
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| autologus | patient own cells
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| myloablative | inpatient; high chemotherapy wipe out bone marrow
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| non-myloablative | mini-transplant; doesn't destroy all cells
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| how long does it take for patient to begin making own cells? | 2-4 weeks
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| which 911? s/s: SOB, edema, dysphagia, dilated veins on chest | SVC syndrome
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| which 911? s/s: back pain, edema, numbness, motor loss | spinal cord compression
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| which 911? s/s: fatigue, confusion, dysrhythmmia, constipation, dehydration | hypercalcemia
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| which 911? s/s: fatigue, weakness, level of conciousness, increase K+, increased P, decreased Ca+, acute renal failure, dysrhythmia, seizures | tumor lysis syndrome
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| mass cell destruction | tumor lysis syndrome
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| most common cancer in this 911 (hypercalcemia) | breast, lung, renal, myeloma
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