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Oncology

Med Surg 3 Exam 5

QuestionAnswer
Most leukemia occurs in children. T/F False. 70% occurs in people > 60 years old.
lymphoid: stem cells that produce lymphocytes
myeloid: stem cells that produce non-lymphoid
Most likely patient of: AML children adults
Most likely patient of: ALL children "childhood cancer" but can see in adults
Most likely patient of: CML adults
Most likely patient of: CLL 55+
ANT anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
Which cancer? s/s: fever, infection, fatigue, risk for bleeding, LYMPHADENOPATHY, spleenomegaly (rare) AML
NADIR 7-10 days after chemo
which cancer has the phases 1 (chronic) 2 (transformation) 3 (accelerated)? CML
Which cancer? s/s: fatigue, malaise, anorexia, weight loss, dyspnea, confusion, SPLEENOMEGALY, lymphadenopathy (rare) CML
How do you diagnose CML? BCR-ABL gene, BMB, CBC diff
"Philadelphia chromosome" BCR-ABL gene
PO med for CML Gleevac
Which cancer? s/s: bone pain, lymphadenopathy, spleenomegaly, headache ALL
what is the treatment for ALL? combo chemo, intrathecal chemo, stem cell transplant
The B lymphocytes are affected in which cancer? CLL
which cancer? s/s: increased lymphocytes, lymphadenopathy, spleeomegaly, b symptoms, viral infection CLL
disorder of myeloid stem cells myleodysplastic syndrome
dysplasia of RBC myelodysplastic syndrome
which cancer? s/s: fatigue, BONE MARROW FAILURE, myelodysplastic syndrome
bone marrow treatment is the only cure myelodysplastic syndrome
reed-sternberg cells hodgkin lymphoma
risk factors: virus, immunosuppressive therapy, agent orange hodgkin non-hodgkin
which cancer? s/s: lymphadenopathy (cervical, mediastinal, supraclavicular), puritus, B symptoms, infections (herpes zoster) hodgkin lymphoma
lymphoma staging: I local; one node region
lymphoma staging: II two node regions above diaphragm same side
lymphoma staging: III two node regions above below diaphragm
lymphoma staging: IV everywhere; organs
what is the treatment goal for hodkins lymphoma cure
which cancer? lymphoid tissue is infiltrated with malignant cells Non-hodgkins
what is the most common NHL? B cell (aggressive)
which cancer? s/s: variable, enlarged lymphnodes, B symptoms, CNS NHL
what does RCHOP treat? NHL
RCHOP stands for: Rituxan Cytoxan Hydroxydanumycin Onvovin Prednisolone
cancer of the plasma cells multiple myeloma
which cancer? s/s: bone pain (back/ribs), bone breakdown, increase Ca+ (thirsty, dehydrated, confused), renal failure (M protein damages tubules), bone marrow depression multiple myeloma
M protein in blood M protein in urin (Bentz-Jones) CRAB multiple myeloma
where do the stem cells come from for a transplant? peripheral blood stem cells umbillical cord newborns
allogenic donor other than patient
syngenic transplant from identical twin
autologus patient own cells
myloablative inpatient; high chemotherapy wipe out bone marrow
non-myloablative mini-transplant; doesn't destroy all cells
how long does it take for patient to begin making own cells? 2-4 weeks
which 911? s/s: SOB, edema, dysphagia, dilated veins on chest SVC syndrome
which 911? s/s: back pain, edema, numbness, motor loss spinal cord compression
which 911? s/s: fatigue, confusion, dysrhythmmia, constipation, dehydration hypercalcemia
which 911? s/s: fatigue, weakness, level of conciousness, increase K+, increased P, decreased Ca+, acute renal failure, dysrhythmia, seizures tumor lysis syndrome
mass cell destruction tumor lysis syndrome
most common cancer in this 911 (hypercalcemia) breast, lung, renal, myeloma
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