Evolution
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| Evolution | change in populations characteristics over time due to forces of nature
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| Charles Darwin | came up with his theory of evolution based on the finches on the galapagos islands
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| Jean-Baptiste Lamarck | theory of use and disuse
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| Charles Lyell | earth was shaped millions of years, wrote Principles of Geology
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| James Hutton | earth is shaped by natural forces
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| Thomas Malthus | factors such as limited food prevent overpopulation
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| Theory of use-and-disuse | Lamarck stated that if a trait was used it would be passed on. If it was not used the trait would be lost over a few generations
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| Acquired characteristics | keeping a trait due to use and disuse
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| Theory of natural selection | species that are best adapted to their environment survive more often.
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| Survival of the Fittest | species that are best fit for the environment will be able to compete and survive
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| Struggle for existence | not having the adaptations needed for evolution,
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| Adaptation | the ability of a organism to change based on their environment
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| Gene pool | collection of genes in a population
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| Artificial selection | when people naturally select their breeding choices (picking blank color dog and a strong dog to reproduce)
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| Homologous structures | Similar arrangement of bones indicates relatedness (but function may differ)
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| Analogous structures | Different bone arrangement, but function is the same (not closely related)
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| Vestigial structures | are body parts that no longer have any function, but are believed to have been important in the past.
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| Anatomy | compares bone structure
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| Comparative anatomy | Similar or different arrangement of bones indicates if species are related
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| Comparative embryology | similar stages in fetal development indicates relatedness
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| Comparative genetics | similar DNA indicates relatedness
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| Comparative biochemistry | Similar amino acids sequence for a protein indicates relatedness
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| Fossil record | similarities in fossils indicates relatedness
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| Hominid | human and their ancestors
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| Primate | original branch on evolutionary tree
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| Evolutionary tree | a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships overtime
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| Common descent (ancestry) | two organisms have the same ancestor
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| Australopithecus Afarensis | lucy, can stand up on two legs
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| Australopithecus Boisei | herbivore, about 4.5 feet tall and walk on two legs
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| Homo Habilis | handy man, used rocks as weapons
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| Homo Ergaster | new enormous brian, cooling system
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| Homo heidelbergensis | ice age, southern England
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| Neanderthals | Cavemen, short limbs, extremities for heat
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| Homo sapien | thinking man, imaginacion
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Created by:
cameronstorch
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