Homeostasis in Living Things
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Antibiotics | medicine you take to help fight off an infection (only works on bacteria, not viruses)
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| Antibodies | chemicals made by your immune system to fight off disease
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| Catalyst | enzymes that speed up chemical reactions
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| Negative feedback mechanism | how an organism maintain homeostasis. A reaction can be stopped and made to go in the opposite direction.
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| Stimuli | change in your environment that makes you respond. External or internal.
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| Vaccine | shot you get to prevent infection that exposes your immune system to the pathogen so it can learn how to respond.
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| Pathogen | foreign thing that infects you when you are sick (bacteria, virus, fungus)
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| Dynamic Equilibrium | The small changes that maintain an organism’s constant internal environment helps maintain homeostasis
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| Homeostasis | an organism’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment even though there are small external changes occurring
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| Photosynthesis | occurs in plants only, in the chloroplast (green). Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + Oxygen
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| AIDS | Disease that results when HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infects the immune system
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| Allergy | occurs when an immune system becomes overly sensitive to a normally harmless foreign substance.
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| Antigen | proteins on a cell’s surface that the immune system recognizes as either being “self” or a foreign invader.
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| ATP | a chemical form of stored energy; made by MIGHTY mitochondria during cell respiration
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| Bacteria | single celled organisms with no nucleus that can cause infection
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| Biochemical processes | a chemical process that occurs in a living thing
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| (Cellular) Respiration | process that breaks down nutrients (glucose) to release the energy stored in them. Occurs at MIGHTY mitochondria
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| Chloroplast | green organelle in plants where photosynthesis occurs
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| Disease | a condition, other than injury, that prevents the body from working as it should
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| Enzyme | protein that speeds up rate of chemical reactions in a living thing
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| Feedback Mechanism | a cycle whose result either reinforces or reverses the actions taken by the system. Ex. blood glucose regulation
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| Fungi | a kingdom of organisms that are multicellular heterotrophs that tend to grow on dead, decaying matter
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| Gas exchange | obtaining Oxygen from the environment and releasing Carbon dioxide
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| Glucose | a simple sugar (carbohydrate) that is the main energy source for most cells
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| Immune System | a body’s primary defense against invading organisms
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| Insulin | a hormone released by the pancrease that lowers blood sugar levels
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| Microbe | any microscopic organism
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| Mitochondria | an organelle that contains enzymes needed to release energy from nutrients through cell respiration
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| Pancreas | endocrine organ that releases the hormone insulin
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| Parasite | organism that survives by living and feeding off of other living organisms
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| Pathogen | general term for an organism that invades the body, causing disease
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| pH | measures whether a substance is acidic, basic, or neutral.
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| Photosynthesis | process in which organisms use energy from sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into simple sugars (glucose). Occurs in chloroplasts
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| Stimuli | a change in the surroundings that causes an organism to respond in some way
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| Synthesis | “making” A process where organisms can combine simple substances into more complex substances. Ex) protein ________ involves joining together amino acids
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| Vaccine | a substance that contains a weakened or dead form of a pathogen that is designed to teach your immune system how to respond, should you ever be infected for real.
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| Virus | a foreign invader that is actually not alive, and consists of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat.
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etucci
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