MSU DENVER PROFESSOR R. BRYAN
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| earliest plants are thought to be evolved from, descendants of... | green algae
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| scientific name for PHYLOGENY of GREEN ALGAE , {closest extant relative of land plants} | CHAROPHYCEANS
"origins, ancestor to land plants"
think 'mother ocean, charophycean, aqueous, closest relative'
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| four major phases of plant evolution | I. [bryophytes], NON-VASCULAR PLANTS, no xylem/phloem MOST SIMILAR TO CHAROPHYCEANS
II. [seedless vascular plants], had xylem and phloem.
III. [gymnosperm] seed that nourishes and protects
IV. [angiosperm] flowering plants, FRUITING, easily pollenated
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| GGT SSE | gametophytes produce gametes mitotically
Sporophytes produce Spores via mEiosis
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| Thallus | gametophyte plant body
lacks xylem or phloem
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| bryophyte reproduction requires (mosses) | water! for the sperm to travel via chemotaxis
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| bryphyte resource movement (mosses) | water via OSMOSIS, nutrients via DIFFUSION
'mosses osmosis'
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| 3 phyla of nonvascular plants [ bryophytes ] | mosses, liverworts, hornworts
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| branches of unicellular filament produced by germinating moss spore | protonema
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| bryophyte gametophytes anchored via | rhizoids (1n)
key: primarily for support, not for water/mineral transport
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| gamete producing structure [bryophytes/nonvasculars] | gametophore
[bryophytes/nonvasculars]
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| bryophyte anatomy 1. rhizoid 2. |
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| bryophyte sporophytes can survive independently? | no, bryophyte sporophytes are dependent on parental gametophyte.
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| bryophyte ploidy sporophyte | bryophyte ploidy
sporophyte - 2n diploid
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| prefix/suffix 1 1 green: 2 with or together with: 3 life: 4 outer layer, bark: 5 leaf: 6 formed substance: 7 light: 8 middle: 9 top, highest: 10 tough, hard: | 1 chloro-
2 co-
3 bio-
4. -cortex
5 - phyll
6 -plasm
7 photo-
8 meso-
9 apic-
10 scler-
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| prefix/suffix 2 1. to produce: 2 skin: 3 of neither gender or type: 4 below: 5 egg: 6 to bear, to carry: 7 between: 8 change, turn, move: 9 across: 10 around: / | 1. gen-
2. cuti
3. neutr-
4. hypo-
5 oo- (or ov-)
6 -fer
7 inter-
8 -trop-
9 trans-
10 peri-
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