6. Tissues and Membranes
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| Groups of cells that are similar to each other in structure and function | Tissues
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| The study of tissues | Histology
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| This type of tissue forms large, continuous sheets | Epithelial tissue
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| This type of tissue is concerned primarily with protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion | Epithelial tissue
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| List the four characteristics of epithelial tissue | 1. Forms continuous sheets\n2. One surface always unattached, other attached to basement membrane\n3. Has no blood supply of its own\n4. Able to regenerate, or repair itself quickly
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| This type of epithelia is located in blood vessel walls, alveoli, and kidneys. It permits exchange of nutrients, waste; diffusion of O2 and CO2; and filtration of water and electrolytes | Simple squamous epithelium
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| This type of epithelia lines kidney tubules and glands like the thyroid, pancreas and salivary. Function is absorption of water and electrolytes; secretion of enzymes and hormones | Simple cuboidal epithelium
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| This type of epithelia lines the digestive tract and functions are protection, absorption, secretion of digestive juice | Simple columnar epithelium
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| This epithelia lines the respiratory tract and reproductive tubes (fallopian tubes). Functions to clean respiratory tract and sweeps egg toward uterus | Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
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| This epithelia forms the outer layer of skin and lines the mouth, esophagus, anus, and vagina. Functions to protect body from microbes and withstands friction | Stratified squamous epithelium
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| This epithelia lines the urinary bladder and permits it to expand as it fills with urine | Transitional epithelium
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| This type of gland has ducts, or tiny tubes, into which the secretions are released onto the body surface or into a body cavity | Exocrine glands
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| This type of gland secretes hormones directly inot the blood stream. Does NOT have ducts | Endocrine glands
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| This type of tissue is the most abundant of the four types and is widely distributed throughout the body | Connective tissue
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| All connective tissues share what two characteristics? | 1. All but ligaments and tendons have good blood supply\n2. Most have alot of intercellular matrix
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| Material located outside a connective tissue cell is called __________ | Intercellular matrix
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| What types of protein fibers are also found in the intercellar matrix of most connective tissue? | Collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers
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| This type of loose connective tissue is found beneath the skin, most epithelial layers, and between muscles. It functions to bind together, protects, cushions: "tissue glue" | Areolar Connective tissue
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| This type of loose connective tissue is found in the subcutaneous layer, around kidneys and heart, and behind the eyeballs. It functions to cushion, insulat, and store fat | Adipose Connective tissue
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| This type of loose connective tissue forms the internal framework of lymphoid organs like lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow | Reticular Connective tissue
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| This type of connective tissue binds structures together by formin tendons, ligaments, organ capsules, fascia and the dermis of the skin | Dense Fibrous connective tissue
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| This type of cartilage supports, protects, and provides framework. It is found at the ends of long bones, connects ribs to sternum, nose, fetal skeleton, and makes up the rings in trachea | Hyaline cartilage
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| This type of cartilage is found between the vertebrae, forms the pads in knee joint and between pubic bones. | Fibrocartilage
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| This type of cartilage forms the external ear and part of the larynx | Elastic cartilage
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| This type of connective tissue is very hard and contains calcium. It protects, provides a framework for our body. | Bones
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| This type of connective tissue transports nutrients, hormones, O2, CO2, and wastes and is found in the blood vessels of the body | Blood
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| This connective tissue drains interstitial fluid and is involved in the immune response. Found in vessels other than blood vessels in body | Lymph
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| This type of dense fibrous connective tissue forms cordlike structures that attach muscles to bones | Tendons
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| This type of dense fibrous connective tissue connects bones to bones | Ligaments
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| The tough dense fibrous connective tissue that surrounds certain organs such as the liver and kidney is called this? | Capsule
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| The type of dense fibrous connective tissue that covers muscles, blood vessels, and nerves is called _________ | Fascia
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| The cells that form cartilage | Chondrocytes
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| The layer of connective tissue surrounding cartilage | Perichondrium
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| Bone tissue is also called this | Osseous tissue
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| Cells that make bone are called this | Osteocytes
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| Condition in which mineral is lost from bone causing them to be weak and prone to fracture | Osteoporosis
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| The fluid part of blood | Plasma
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| This type of tissue makes up the brain, spinal cord and nerves | Nervous tissue
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| These nerve cells transmit electrical signals to and from the brain and spinal cord | Neurons
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| This part of the neuron receives information and takes it to the cell body | Dendrites
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| The part of the neuron contains the nucleus | Cell body
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| This part of the neuron transmits information away from the cell body | Axon
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| This type of neural cell helps support and take care of the neurons. Called "nerve glue" | Neuroglia
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| This tissue is made up of cells that shorten or contract | Muscle tissue
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| Name the three types of muscle? | 1. Skeletal\n2. Smooth\n3. Cardiac
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| This muscle type is striated, voluntary, and attaches to the bones to move them | Skeletal muscle
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| This muscle type is unstriated, involuntary, and found in the walls of viscera, or organs, bronchioles, and blood vessels | Smooth muscle
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| This muscle type is found only in the heart, is involuntary and striated | Cardiac muscle
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| Thin sheets of tissue that cover surfaces, line body cavities, and surround organs | Membranes
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| Membranes are of two types. They are _______ and ______ | Epithelial membranes\nConnective tissue membranes
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| Epithelial membranes include these three membrane types | 1. Cutaneous membrane\n2. Mucous membrane\n3. Serous membrane
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| This epithelial membrane forms the skin | Cutaneous membrane
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| This epithelial membrane lines all body cavities that open to the exterior of the body | Mucous membrane
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| This epithelial membrane lines the ventral body cavities which are not open to the exterior of the body | Serous membrane
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| The thin, watery fluid secreted by serous membranes that lubricates the organs | Serous fluid
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| The part of a serous membrane that lines the walls of the cavity | Parietal layer
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| The part of a serous membrane that covers the outside of an organ | Visceral layer
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| The three serous membranes of the body | 1. Pleura\n2. Pericardium\n3. Peritoneum
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| The serous membrane lining the throacic cavity and covering the lungs | Pleura
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| The serous membrane found in the thoracic cavity that surrounds the heart | Pericardium
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| The space between the pleural layers | Pleural cavity
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| The space between the pericardial layers | Pericardial cavity
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| The serous membrane found in the abdominal cavity that lines the walls and covers the organs | Peritoneum
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| The space between the peritoneal layers | Peritoneal cavity
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| The part of the end of a word that means tumor or neoplasm | –oma (Example: lipoma, neuroma, carcinoma, sarcoma)
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