3. Cells
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| This is the structural and functional unit of all living matter | Cell
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| The cell membrane is also called the ______ membrane | Plasma
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| What separates the intracellular (inside the cell) material from the extracellular (outside the cell) material | Cell membrane
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| The cell membrane can select what substances are allowed to cross it and it is said to be selectively permeable, or _________ | Semipermeable
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| The cell membrane is composed primarily of ______ and _______ | Phospholipids and protein
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| This structure contains cellular contents, is a phospholipid bilayer, and regulates what enters and leaves the cell | Cell membrane
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| Surrounds and supports organelles and is the gel–like substance found inside the cell but outside the nucleus | Cytoplasm
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| This type of endoplasmic reticulum is where protein is synthesized | Rough endoplasmic reticulum
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| This type of endoplasmic reticulum is where lipids and steroids are made | Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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| This intracellular structure converts energy in nutrients to ATP ( power plant of the cell) | Mitochondria
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| This intracellular structure packages protein in membranes | Golgi apparatus
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| This structure is the site of protein synthesis | Ribosomes
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| These structures contain powerful enzymes to destroy waste, bacteria, etc. Also known as the "housekeepers" of the cell | Lysosomes
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| This structure provides for intracellular shape and support | cytoskeleton
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| These structures separate chromosomes during mitosis | Centrioles
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| These create movement over the cell surface | Cilia
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| These structures allow sperm to swim | Flagella
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| the control center of the cell that contains genetic information is called the ______ | Nucleus
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| The phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the nucleus is called the ______ membrane | Nuclear
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| The gel like substance within the nucleus is called _______ | nucleoplasm
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| The structures inside the cell are called little organs or __________ | Organelles
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| The inner layer of the mitochondria that has many folds is referred to as _______ | Cristae
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| What structure in the cell membrane allows substances to pass that will not dissolve within the phospholipid bilayer | Pores ( holes in the membrane formed by proteins)
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| Substances can be moved across the cell membrane with or without the use of energy (ATP). This is called ______ transport (without energy) and ______ transport (with energy) | Passive, Active
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| Name the four types of passive transport | Diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration
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| Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called ________ | Diffusion
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| The most common transport mechanism is _______ | Diffusion
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| A helper molecule helps move a substance from an area of high to low concentration. This is called __________ | Facilitated diffusion
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| Movement of water (solvent) from an area with more water to an area with less water is called __________ | Osmosis
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| Movement of water/dissolved substances from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure is called _________ | Filtration
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| Movement of a substance from low to high concentration that requires ATP is called a/an ___________ | Active transport pumps
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| A general term for taking in or ingestion of water or solids by the cell membrane is _______ | Endocytosis
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| Cellular eating. Taking in solid particles via the cell membrane | Phagocytosis
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| Taking in water droplets by the cell membrane ( Cellular drinking) is called ________ | Pinocytosis
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| Secretion of cellular products out of the cell is called ________ | Exocytosis
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| When the concentrations on both sides of a membrane are the same a state called _______ has been reached | Equilibrium
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| _________ is the ability of a solution to affect the volume and pressure within a cell | Tonicity
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| A/an ______ solution is one in which the solution has the same concentration as the intracellular fluid | Isotonic
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| If the solution has a lower concentration than that found inside a cell, the solution is said to be ________ | Hypotonic
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| If a solution has a higher concentration than that found inside a cell, the solution is said to be ___________ | Hypertonic
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| This type of cell division is involved in bodily growth and repair. It results in two identical "daughter cells" | Mitosis
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| The cell cycle is divided into two major phases: ________ and _______ | Interphase, mitosis
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| Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase are stages of ________ | Mitosis
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| When a cell develops it begins to specialize or _______ to produce a specific cell type | Differentiate
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| What is the name of a cell that is relatively undifferentiated and whose function is the production of additional unspecialized cells | Stem cells
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| A noncancerous tumor could also be called ________ | Benign
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| A cancerous tumor could also be called a ______ tumor | Malignant
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| The spreading of cancer cells is called _________ | Metastasis
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| Cell death is also called cell ________ | Necrosis
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| A decrease in the size of the cells, leading to a wasting away of tissues and organs | Atrophy
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| Abnormal cell growth with a change in cell size, shape, and organization. These are said to be pre–cancerous | Dysplasia
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| Overgrowth or increase in the numbers of cells that increases the size of tissues and organs | Hyperplasia
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| Transformation of one cell type into another | Metaplasia
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| Death of cells or groups of cells | Necrosis
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| Abnormal new growth, also called a tumor. Can be cancerous or benign | Neoplasm
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| This type of cell division occurs only in sex cells | Meiosis
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