Micro: Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Zaccharias Janssen (1950) | Invention of the first compound microscope.
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| Galileo Galilei (1610) | Popularized the compound microscope and improved the instrument with a focusing device.
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| Robert Hooke (1665) | Improved the resolution and illumination. Micrographia. Slice cork. Cell theory. Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
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| Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1670s) | Ground & mounted his own lenses. Submitted a series of letters and drawings to Royal Society. Bacteria and Protozoas -> Animalcules.
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| Spontaneous Generation/Abiogenesis | The belief that life could arise spontaneously from non-living matter.
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| Aristotle (384 BC) | "Vital force" in matter.
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| Van Helmont (1577-1644) | Recipe for the manufacture of mice. Concept: Odor can transmute substances.
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| Francesco Redi (1669) | Demonstrated that maggots do not generate spontaneously from decaying meat. Explain his experiment.
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| What was the counter argument for Francesco Redi's maggot experiment? | Fresh air is needed for spontaneous generation.
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| John Needham (1748) | Microorganisms arise from spontaneous generation. Boiled chicken and corn broth -> poured into sealed flasks -> microorganisms appeared.
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| Lazzaro Spallanzani (1767): | Suggested that microbes probably entered Needham's solution after boiling. Explain his experiment.
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| What was Needham's reply to Lazzaro Spallanzani's experiment? | Too much heat destroyed the "vital force" of the nutrient fluid.
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| Rudolf Virchow (1858) | "Living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells." Life comes from Life.
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| Biogenesis - Louis Pasteur | Microorganisms are present in the air; they can contaminate sterile solutions but air itself or nutrient fluids by themselves do not give rise to microbial life.
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| Biogenesis - What was Louis Pasteur first experiment? |
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| Biogenesis - What did Louis Pasteur concluded from his first experiment? | Microorganisms in the air were the agents responsible for contaminating non-living matter.
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| Biogenesis - What was Louis Pasteur second experiment? | Open ended long-necked s-shaped flasks
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| Biogenesis - What did Louis Pasteur concluded from his 2nd experiment? | Microbes are present on non-living matter - solids, liquids, air. Microbial life can be destroy by heat.
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