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Unit 4 Water and Air

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Term
Definition
Aquifer   An underground layer of permeable tock that contains water.  
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Atmosphere   The outer layer of gases of a large body in space.  
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Biosphere   all living organisms on Earth, in the air, land, and water.  
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cryosphere   The frozen layer of Earth's surface.  
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Condensation   Process of water vapor cooling and changing into liquid water  
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conduction   The transfer of heat energy from one substance to another through direct contact (two objects touching).  
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convection   The transfer of energy from place to place by the motion of heated gas or liquid in Earth's mantle.  
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Downwelling and Upwelling   When water moves to different levels of depth due to surface currants.  
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Evaporation   Process by which liquid water turns to gas (water vapor).  
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Global wind   wind belt that circles the Earth.  
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Ground water   The water beneath the surface of the ground (consisting mainly of surface water that has seeped down).  
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Hydrosphere   The water on or surrounding Earth's surface (includes water of the oceans and in the atmosphere).  
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Impermeable   Water can't pass through the substance.  
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Lithosphere   The crust and upper mantle of Earth.  
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Ocean current   A mass of moving ocean water.  
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Permeability   The ability of water to pass through porous rock or sediment.  
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Pollution   The presence of a harmful or poisonous substance in the environment.  
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Precipitation   Process by which water, inane form, falls from the atmosphere to Earth's surface.  
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Radiation   Energy that travels across distance as certain types of waves.  
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Runoff   Process of water flowing over the surface of the ground.  
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Surface water   Water that collects on the surface of the ground.  
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Transpiration   Process of water evaporating through the leaves of plants.  
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Watershed   The area of land where all of the water that is under it or drains off it goes (collects in the same place).  
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Water table   Underground surface of soil or rock that is saturated with water.  
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