Nervous & Endocrine System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Gland | Release hormone directly into the bloodstream
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| Hormones | products which deliver messages to body once they reach their target cell
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| Target cells | have specific receptors for specific hormones
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| Pituitary | Located in the brain and produces HGH and TSH.
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| Human Growth Hormone (HGH) | Regulates growth in the body
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| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) | Stimulates the thyroid to function
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| Hypothalamus | Located in the brain, releases secretions that control the pituitary gland
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| Thyroid | Located in the neck, produces the hormone Thyroxine
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| Thyroxine | Regulates metabolism
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| Parathyroid | Located embedded in the thyroid, produces parathormone
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| Parathormone | Regulates calcium levels in the blood
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| Pancreas | Located near the stomach and liver, produces insulin and glucagon
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| Insulin | Regulates blood sugar when it too high
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| Glucagon | Regulates blood sugar when it's too low
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| Ovaries | Located near the uterus, produces estrogen and progesterone
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| Estrogen | Produces secondary sex characteristics in females
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| Progesterone | Regulates the menstrual cycle
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| Testes | Located in the scrotum, produces testosterone
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| Testosterone | Produces secondary sex characteristics in men
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| Goiter | Enlargement of the thyroid due to a lack of iodine
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| Gigantism | The overproduction of human growth hormone
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| Type 2 Diabetes | Pancreas is not able to make properly enough Insulin for the boy, usually do to being overweight or poor diet
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| Type 1 Diabetes | Pancreas inability to make Insulin, usually diagnosed at a young age
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| Nervous System | A network of nerves and fibers that work together to send signals throughout the body
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| Central Nervous System (CNS) | Comprised of the brain and spinal cord
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| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Comprised of all the neurons outside the CNS, such as sensory and motor neurons
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| Brain | Body's main processing center that coordinates the body's ability to maintain homeostasis
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| Spinal Cord | A column of nerves that connects the peripheral nervous system
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| Sensory Nerves | Carry information to the CNS from the sense organs
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| Motor Nerves | Carry commands from the CNS to the target muscle or organ
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| Autonomic | Nerves that are not in the conscious control
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| Somatic | Nerves that are under the conscious control
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| Neuron | A specialized cell that can transmit a nerve impulse from one place to another throughout the entire body
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| Dendrites | The fibers that direct incoming pulses to the cell body
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| Cyton / Cell Body | Interrupts and directs incoming pulses
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| Axon | Carries the impulses from the cyton to the terminal branches
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| Myelin Sheath | Covered in a fatty coating over the axon
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| Terminal Branches | The fibers that lead away from the axon to the dendrites of the next neurons
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| Synapse | Space between the terminal branches of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron
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| Neurotransmitters | A chemical substance that is secreted by the terminal branches
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| Nerve | A bundle of neurons
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| Ganglion | A bundle of nerves
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| Brain | A complex bundle of ganglions
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| Reflex Arc | A quick involuntary reaction to a stimuli
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| Stimulus | Any change in the external or internal environment
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| Receptor | Specialized neurons that pick up external stimuli
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| Sensory Neurons | Gets information from the receptors, usually comes from one of the senses
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| Impulse | The electrochemical signals that is created and travels across neurons
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| Interneuron | Relay the message between the motor and sensory neurons
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| Motor Neuron | The neurons that carry commands to the target muscle or organ
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| Effector | Structures that produce a response from a stimuli, example muscles
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| Response | A reaction an organism makes to a specific stimuli; a reflex is an uncontrolled response to a stimuli
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| Cerebrum | it is responsible for sensory and nervous system functions, also voluntary activity in the body
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| Cerebellum | Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.
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| Medulla | Controls and regulates involuntary functions
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| Cerebral Palsy | A condition caused by damage to the brain before or at birth; causes impaired muscle coordination and speech issues
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| Meningitis | An inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal
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| Polio | A viral disease of the CNS that results in severe paralysis
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| Stroke | A disorder when brain function is impaired or destroyed from lack of oxygen
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Created by:
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