DNA structure, function, and replication
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Complementary base pair | A matching pair of nitrogenous bases such as A = T or C = G
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| Nucleotide | A phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base
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| Antiparallel | Two strands of the DNA molecule run in opposite directions
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| What is the function of DNA? | To code for proteins
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| What type of macromolecule or biomolecule is DNA? | A nucleic acid
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| What is the monomer of DNA? | A nucleotide
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| Where in eukaryotic cells is DNA located? | The nucleus
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| Where in prokaryotic cells is DNA located? | The cytoplasm
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| What does DNA stand for? | Deoxyribonucleic acid
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| Why is the order of bases in DNA so important? | Because a specific segment of DNA, called a gene, codes for a protein that creates a physical trait
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| What is the complementary base pair to adenine? | Thymine
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| What is the complementary base pair to thymine? | Adenine
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| What is the complementary base pair to cytosine? | Guanine
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| What is the complementary base pair to guanine? | Cytosine
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| What makes up the so-called 'backbone' of DNA? | The phosphate group and sugars
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| What makes up the 'rungs' of the DNA ladder (the part you climb)? | The nitrogenous bases
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| What is the first step in the process of replicating a cell's DNA? | To separate the double helix/unzip the double helix
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| Which enzyme is responsible for 'unzipping' the double helix? | Helicase
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| What enzyme has to lay down RNA primers so that DNA polymerase knows where to begin? | Primase
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| What is the second step in DNA replication? | RNA primase lays down primers so that DNA polymerase knows where to begin
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| Which enzyme links together the sugar-phosphate backbone of the Okazaki fragments? | Ligase
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| Which enzyme adds the new nucleotides to the template DNA strand? | DNA polymerase
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| When does DNA replication happen? | During interphase
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| Given the sequence CAAGTA, what is the complementary sequence? | GTTCAT
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| When there is an error in the replication process, what is it called? Ex: A = G instead of A = T | A mutation
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| What is the shape of the DNA molecule? | A double helix
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Created by:
jdesrochers
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