Chapter 12.1 vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| sex chromosome | one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
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| autosome | any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
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| sex-linked trait | a trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosome of the Y chromosome in humans
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| linked gene | pairs of genes that tend to be inherited together
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| chromosome map | a diagram of gene positions on a chromosome
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| map unit | a frequency of crossing-over
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| germ-cell mutation | occur in and organism's gametes. they don't affect the organism itself but they pass on to the offspring
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| somatic-cell mutation | take place in an organism's body cells and can therefore affect the organism. they cannot be inherited
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| lethal mutation | a gene or chromosomal mutation that influences the development of an organism in such a way that the organism cannot survive
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| deletion | the loss of a part of DNA from a chromosome
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| inversion | a reversal in the order of the genes, or of a chromosome segment, within a chromosome
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| translocation | the movement of a segment of DNA from one chromosome to another, which results in a change in the position of the segment: also the movement of soluble nutrients from one part of a plant to another
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| nondisjunction | the failure of homologous chromosomes to spate during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate during mitosis or meiosis II
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| point mutation | a mutation in which only one nucleotide or nitrogenous base in a gene is changed
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| substitution | a mutation in which a nucleotide or codon in DNA is replaced with a different nucleotide
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| frameshift mutation | a mutation, such as the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in a coding sequence, that results in the misreading of the code during translation because of a change in the reading frame
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| insertion mutation | when one or more nucleotides are added to a gene, which can also result in a frameshift mutation
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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