Infectious diseases
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| Cholera pathogen | Vibrio cholerae (bacterium)
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| Malaria pathogen | Plasmodium falciparum , p. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae (protoctist)
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| HIV/AIDS pathogen | human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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| Tuberculosis pathogen | Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis (in cattle) bacterium
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| Smallpox pathogen | Variola virus
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| Measles pathogen | a species of Morbillvirus
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| Infectious diseases | diseases caused by organisms called pathogen
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| carriers | people who can spread a pathogen but they are symptomless
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| transmission cycle | the way a pathogen passes from one host to another
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| Site of action for cholera pathogen | wall of small intestine
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| Choleragen | toxin secreted by Cholera pathogen. It disrupts the functions of the epithelium lining of the small intestine resulting in salts and water leaving the blood which cause severe diarrhea.
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| Treating cholera | Oral rehydration therapy in which glucose is effective. Ensure patients fluid losses in balanced with fluid intake which maintains osmotic balance of blood and tissue fluids.
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| Cholera clinical features/ symptoms | severe diarrhea, loss of water and salts, dehydration, weakness.
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| Cholera transmission | Occurs when people do not have access to proper sanitation and uncontaminated food. The bacteria is passed out through feces and handling food without washing hands.
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| Cholera method of diagnosis | microscopical analysis of feces
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| Cholera incubation period | 2 hours to 5 days
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| Malaria method of transmission | female Anopheles mosquito (insect vector)
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| Malaria incubation period | from a week to a year
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| Malaria clinical features/ symptoms | fever, anemia, nausea, headaches, muscle pain, shivering, sweating, enlarged spleen
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| Malaria site of action | liver, red brain cells, and brain cells.
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| Malaria |
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| Epidemic | Sudden increase of people with disease but not all around the world
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| Pandemic | Increase of cages in a continent or across the world
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| Endemic | Disease always in population, worldwide
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| 4 ways that antibiotics interfere with pathogens | 1. synthesis of bacteria walls
2. protein synthesis
3. cell membrane function
4. enzyme action
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| broad spectrum antibiotics | effective to a wide range of bacteria
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| narrow spectrum antibiotics | active only against a few
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| contact tracing | when an infected person identifies all people they have been in contact with.
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Created by:
jcore
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