KPHS-Chapter 11.4 = Meiosis
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| What is Meiosis? | It is the process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
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| What is a Diploid Cell? Hint double. | (two sets) 2N. A cell where half of the chromosomes come from the male and half come from the female.
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| What does homologous mean? | The chromosomes from the male parent has a corresponding chromosome form the female parent. A cell that contains both sets of chromosomes is said to be diploid.
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| What is a diploid cell? | Most adult organisms contain two complete sets of inherited chromosomes and two complete sets of genes.
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| What number represents diploid cells? | The diploid number of chromosomes is represented by 2N. A diploid number of 8 is represented as 2N=8. N is the single set of chromosomes found in a sperm or egg cell.
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| What is a Haploid cell? Hint if diploid is 2N then Haploid is half of that. | (one set) N. A cell that only has one single set of chromosomes and therefore a single set of genes. A haploid number is 4 which can be written as N=4.
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| What is Meiosis? | It is the process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
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| Meiosis has two phases Meiosis I and Meiosis II | See PAge 324 and 325
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| What is a Zygote? 325 | A Zygote is a fertilized egg. The zygote undergoes cell division by mitosis and eventually forms a new organism.
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| Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? | See Page 326. Mitosis can be a form of asexual(one parent) reproduction. Meiosis is an early step in sexual(two parents) reproduction.
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| Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? | In mitosis when 2 sets of genetic material separate, each daughter cell receives one complete set of chromosomes. In meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up and then move to separate daughter cells.
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| Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? | Mitosis does not normally change the chromosome number of the original cell. This is not the case for meiosis which reduces the chromosome number by half.
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| Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? | A diploid cell that enters mitosis with 8 chromosomes will divide to produce 2 daughter cells with 8. A diploid cell that enters meiosis with 8 chromosome cells will divide into two cells that have 4 chromosomes each.
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