Human Genetics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| sex chromosomes | genes that determine the sex of an individual
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| autosomes | chromosomes that do not determine the sex of a person
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| sex-linked trait | a trait that is coded by an allele on a sex chromosome
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| linked genes | a pair of genes that tend to be inherited together
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| chromosome map | a diagram that shows the linear order of genes on a chromosome
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| map unit | a frequency of crossing over one percent
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| Germ-cell mutations | mutations in the gametes
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| somatic-cell mutations | mutations in the body cells
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| lethal mutations | cause death (usually before birth)
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| deletion | the loss of a piece of chromosome due to breakage
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| inversion | a chromosomal segment breaks off and flips around
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| translocation | a piece of one chromosome breaks off and goes onto another
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| nondisjunction | a chromosome does not separate during meiosis
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| point mutation | substitution, addition, or removal of a single nucleotide
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| substitution | one nucleotide replaces another
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| frameshift mutation | an incorrect grouping of the remaining codons
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| insertion mutations | one or more nucleotides are added to a gene
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| pedigree | a diagram that shows how a trait is passed along through generations
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| genetic disorders | diseases or disabling conditions that have a genetic basis
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| carriers | people who have recessive genes but not the disease
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| polygenic | characters that are influenced by several genes
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| complex characters | characters influenced by elements and genes
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| multiple alleles | genes with 3 or more alleles
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| codominance | both alleles are dominant
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| incomplete dominance | a trait that is intermediate between the parents
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| sex-influenced traits | autosomal traits
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| huntington's disease | an autosomal dominant condition characterized by forgetfulness and irritability
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| amniocentesis | removing fluid from pregnant women to see genes/sex of baby
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| chorionic villi sampling | doctor takes sample of chorionic villi cells to find genetic diseases
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| genetic counseling | informing a person about their genetic makeup
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| gene therapy | placing healthy genes into genes that are defective
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Created by:
elizrhys
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