Bio(Ch.1)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Biology | ~ Study of living things, or organism
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| Organic substances | ~ Living things or organisms that were once alive
~ To a chemist, an organic substance is a substance that contains carbon in complex combinations with hydrogen and other elements
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| Inorganic substances | ~ substances that are neitherliving nor were ever alive
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| Life processes | ~ All organisms carry-on similar activities called life processes, such as movement, ingestion, digestion, transport, respiration, synthesis, assimilation, growth, excretion, sensitivity, and reproduction
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| Movement | ~ The movement of organisms help them to survive
~ Animals can move from place to place in search of food and shelter and mating
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| Ingestion | ~ All organisms must have food to survive
~ The taking in of food by an organism is called ingestion
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| Digestion | ~ The chemical process that changes complex food molecules into simpler molecules is called digestion
Digestion makes many chemicals and enables the organism to release energy, grow, and repair itself
*Digestion is essentially the same in all organisms*
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| Transport | ~ All of the processes that movie usable substances and waste substances to and from cells as well as into and out of cells are called transport
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| Respiration | ~ The process that release, transforms, and stores energy living things need to carry on in their activities is called respiration
~ During respiration, oxidation reactions within cells change glucose to simpler substances and release energy
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| Anaerobic respiration | ~ All organisms carry on anaerobic respiration, reactions that one not require oxygen
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| Aerobic respiration | ~ A process that requires oxygen, releases much more energy then does anaerobic respiration
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| Synthesis | ~ All organisms combine, or synthesize, simple chemical substances to form more complex substances
~ Some of the energy released by respiration is used for this purpose
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| Secretion | ~ The formation of special and usual substances used in other life processes are called secretion
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| Assimilation | ~ The changing of the chemical substances into living matter is called is assimilation
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| Growth | ~ All living things grow
~ Growth that usually involves the enlargement of cells and production of more cells
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| Excretion | ~ The process that removes the metabolic wastes from cells and from body fluids are called excretion
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| Sensitivity (Regulation) | ~ The ability of an organism to respond to changes in the environment is called sensitivity
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| Reproduction | ~ The life activity by which organisms produce offspring is called reproduction
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| Asexual reproduction | ~ Reproduction which involves only one parent, does not require sex cells
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| Organelles | ~ The cells of organisms contain tiny structures called organelles
~ Both organelles and complex molecules within a cell divides when the cell divides
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| Metabolic activities | ~ Reactions that occur in cells are called metabolic activities or metabolism
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| Anabolic | ~ Constructive metabolic activities which tend to build up cells are called anabolic
~ This process is called anabolism
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| Catabolic | ~ Destructive metabolic activities which expend energy and use up materials are called catabolic
~ This process is called catabolism
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| Special characteristics of life | 1. Release, transform, and store energy.
2. Respond to stimuli from their internal and external environment.
3. Maintain a stable internal environment.
4. Vary genetically, depending on useful adaptations.
5. Evolve into new species.
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| Need for energy | ~ Living things require a constant source of energy to move, to manufacture organic substances, to change digested food into protoplasm, and to carry on other metabolic activities
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| Response to stimuli | ~ All living things respond to changes, what stimuli in both the internal and external environments
~ Responses to stimuli aid in survival of an organism in various ways
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| Stability of organization | ~ Organisms usually puts this feedback systems that hope of them maintain a state of balance or a steady-state
~ The automatic maintenance of a steady-state by an organism is called homeostasis
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| Genetic variation | ~ Genetic variations that hope an organism survive are called advantageous
~ These variations may result in specialized structural or chemical characteristics
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| Adaptation | ~ The special characteristics of an organisms that enable it to survive in its environment are called adaptations
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| What is life? | ~ Life is the use of energy to maintain a steady state and an organize a shin that is not readily break down
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