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Bio(Ch.1)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | ~ Study of living things, or organism |
| Organic substances | ~ Living things or organisms that were once alive ~ To a chemist, an organic substance is a substance that contains carbon in complex combinations with hydrogen and other elements |
| Inorganic substances | ~ substances that are neitherliving nor were ever alive |
| Life processes | ~ All organisms carry-on similar activities called life processes, such as movement, ingestion, digestion, transport, respiration, synthesis, assimilation, growth, excretion, sensitivity, and reproduction |
| Movement | ~ The movement of organisms help them to survive ~ Animals can move from place to place in search of food and shelter and mating |
| Ingestion | ~ All organisms must have food to survive ~ The taking in of food by an organism is called ingestion |
| Digestion | ~ The chemical process that changes complex food molecules into simpler molecules is called digestion Digestion makes many chemicals and enables the organism to release energy, grow, and repair itself *Digestion is essentially the same in all organisms* |
| Transport | ~ All of the processes that movie usable substances and waste substances to and from cells as well as into and out of cells are called transport |
| Respiration | ~ The process that release, transforms, and stores energy living things need to carry on in their activities is called respiration ~ During respiration, oxidation reactions within cells change glucose to simpler substances and release energy |
| Anaerobic respiration | ~ All organisms carry on anaerobic respiration, reactions that one not require oxygen |
| Aerobic respiration | ~ A process that requires oxygen, releases much more energy then does anaerobic respiration |
| Synthesis | ~ All organisms combine, or synthesize, simple chemical substances to form more complex substances ~ Some of the energy released by respiration is used for this purpose |
| Secretion | ~ The formation of special and usual substances used in other life processes are called secretion |
| Assimilation | ~ The changing of the chemical substances into living matter is called is assimilation |
| Growth | ~ All living things grow ~ Growth that usually involves the enlargement of cells and production of more cells |
| Excretion | ~ The process that removes the metabolic wastes from cells and from body fluids are called excretion |
| Sensitivity (Regulation) | ~ The ability of an organism to respond to changes in the environment is called sensitivity |
| Reproduction | ~ The life activity by which organisms produce offspring is called reproduction |
| Asexual reproduction | ~ Reproduction which involves only one parent, does not require sex cells |
| Organelles | ~ The cells of organisms contain tiny structures called organelles ~ Both organelles and complex molecules within a cell divides when the cell divides |
| Metabolic activities | ~ Reactions that occur in cells are called metabolic activities or metabolism |
| Anabolic | ~ Constructive metabolic activities which tend to build up cells are called anabolic ~ This process is called anabolism |
| Catabolic | ~ Destructive metabolic activities which expend energy and use up materials are called catabolic ~ This process is called catabolism |
| Special characteristics of life | 1. Release, transform, and store energy. 2. Respond to stimuli from their internal and external environment. 3. Maintain a stable internal environment. 4. Vary genetically, depending on useful adaptations. 5. Evolve into new species. |
| Need for energy | ~ Living things require a constant source of energy to move, to manufacture organic substances, to change digested food into protoplasm, and to carry on other metabolic activities |
| Response to stimuli | ~ All living things respond to changes, what stimuli in both the internal and external environments ~ Responses to stimuli aid in survival of an organism in various ways |
| Stability of organization | ~ Organisms usually puts this feedback systems that hope of them maintain a state of balance or a steady-state ~ The automatic maintenance of a steady-state by an organism is called homeostasis |
| Genetic variation | ~ Genetic variations that hope an organism survive are called advantageous ~ These variations may result in specialized structural or chemical characteristics |
| Adaptation | ~ The special characteristics of an organisms that enable it to survive in its environment are called adaptations |
| What is life? | ~ Life is the use of energy to maintain a steady state and an organize a shin that is not readily break down |
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UltimateAbdul
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