NDAP Questions
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| Indications for Paracetamol? | For mild pain relief in combination with ibuprofen and in addition for other measures for moderate or severe pain
For fever greater than 39c and fever is associated with discomfort.
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| Contraindications of Paracetamol? | Current paracetamol poisoning
Withhold if had paracetamol in the last 4 hours
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| What dosage of Paracetamol would you give? | 1.5 grams orally if the patients weight is greater than 80 kgs
1 gram orally if the patients weight is less than 80 kgs
See paediatric drug table for children.
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| What would you give for a patient with mild pain (3/10)? | Paracetamol and Ibuprofen
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| Indications for Entonox? | For moderate and in addition for other measures for severe pain
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| Indications for Methoxyflurane? | For moderate pain and in addition for other measures for severe pain
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| Indications for Tramadol? | For moderate pain and in addition for other measures for severe pain
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| Indications for Ibuprofen? | For mild pain relief in combination with paracetamol and in addition for other measures for moderate or severe pain
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| What dosage of tramadol would you give? | 50 mg orally for adults and children aged 12 years and over.
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| What dosage of entonox would you give? | Inhaled, taken as patient requires.
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| What dosage of methoxyflurane would you give? | Aged 12 years and over: maximum of two doses 6 mls (3 mls each dose)
Aged 12 years and under: maximum of one dose 3 mls
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| What are the indications for a C collar? | Mechanism of Injury
Tenderness at the posterior midline of the cervical spine
Focal Neurological deficit
A decreased level of alertness
Evidence of Intoxication
Distraction injury or clinically apparent pain
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| What are different types of TBI | Minor and Severe
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| How do you differentiate between a minor or severe TBI | Minor: Mechanism of injury that is consistent with TBI and able to obey commands
Severe: Mechanism of injury that is consistent with TBI and is unable to obey commands
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| What is our goal with treating TBI? | To recognise severe TBI
Minimise or prevent the causes of secondary injury:
-Hypoxia
-Hyperventilation
-Hypoventilation
-Hypotension
Treat life threatening injuries
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| What are the three stages of shock? | Compensated
Decompensated
Irreversible
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| What is shock? | Shock is the global reduction in blood flow to the tissue and organs of the body.
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| Signs and symptoms of shock? | Tachycardia
Cold and clammy skin
Prolonged cap refill
Tachypnoea
Narrowing pulse pressure
Hypotension
Altered LOC
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| What are the different types of shock? | Hypovolaemic shock
Anaphylactic shock
Septic Shock
Spinal shock
Hypo adrenal shock
Obstructive shock
Cardiogenic Shock
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| Explain Hypovolaemic shock | Caused by lack of intra-vascular volume.
This can be from blood or other fluid (d&vs)
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| Explain Anaphylactic shock |
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| Explain Septic Shock |
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| Explain Cardiogenic Shock |
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| Explain Obstructive shock |
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| Explain Hypo adrenal shock |
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| Explain Spinal shock |
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| Treatment plan for asthma (status 3) |
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| Diffentials for shortness of breath |
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| Explain Asthma |
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| Explain COPD |
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| Indications for PEEP? |
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| What does PEEP stand for? | Positive End Expiratory Pressure
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| Why is PEEP set to 5 in TBI? | PEEP increases intracranial pressure in TBI patients by reducing venous return from the brain.
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| Explain PEEP | PEEP increases the resistance to exhalation and increases inter-thoracic pressure. It helps expand collapsed alveoli, improving oxygenation and ventilation.
splints medium sized airways open during exhalation, improving ventilation
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| What is the action of paracetamol? | Paracetamol inhibits the production of a number of prostaglandins
it possesses analgesic and antipyretic effects..
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| What is the action of Ibuprofen? |
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| What is the action of Tramadol? |
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| What is the action of Entonox? |
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| What is the action of Methoxyflurane? |
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| What is the action of GTN? | Vasodilator. dilates veins. causes Venous dilation and peripheral pooling. Reducing preload, after load, O2 demand and pain
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| What is the action of Aspirin? |
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| What is the action of salbutamol? |
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| What is the action of ipratropiun? |
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| What si the action of prednisone? |
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| What is the action of adrenaline? |
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| What is the action of glycagon? |
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| What si the action of Loratadine? |
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| What is the action of Ondansetron? |
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| Indications for use of GTN? | Myocardial Ischaemia
Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
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| Contraindications for GTN? | Systolic BP lower than 100mmHg
Heart rate lower than 40 bpm
Hear rate higher than 130 bpm
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| Precautions for GTN? | Small, frail, physiologically unstable
poor perfusion
Has dysrhythmia
taken drugs for erectile dysfunction in the last 24 hours
Inferior STEMI
Has known Aortic stenosis
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| Dosage for GTN? | 0.4-0.8 kgs sublingually
Repeat every 2-5 minutes
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| What are the causes of unconsciousness? | A: Alcohol
E: Epilepsy
I: Insulin
O: Overdose
U: Under dose
T: Trauma
I: Infection
P: Posions
S: Stroke/seizure/sepsis
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| What are some differentioals for chest pain? |
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| What are the universal contraindications for medicine? | Life threatening allergy
Pregnancy
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| Paediatric drug dosage calculation | 1-10 years: 2x(age in years +4)
11- 14 years: 3 x age in years
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| What can a low temperature be a sign of? | Infection in eldery
Low cardiac output
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| What is Angina? |
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| What is unstable angina? |
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| What is an MI? |
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| What are the differences between asthma and CORD? | Asthma patients are symptom free between attacks
CORD patients are usually not symptom free between attacks and have a history of smoking
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| What is the side effects of GTN? | Headache
Hypotension
Flushing
Tachycardia
Light headesness
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| Indications for aspirin? |
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