Meiosis, sexual reproduction, stem cells
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Gametes | special cells used in sexual reproduction
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| somatic cell | all diploid cells that are not gametes
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| zygote | fertilized eggs formed form the joining of the gametes
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| prophase1 | chromatin makes copy of itself & begins to coil up
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| metaphase 1 | homologous pairs of chromosomes line up together at the miidle of the cell
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| Anaphase 1 | homologous chromosomes move to opposite end
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| telophase 1 | spindle fiber disappear & cell divides from cytokinesis
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| Prophase 2 | centriole doubles
spindle fiber forms
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| metaphase 2 | chromosomes line in middle
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| Anaphase 2 | Individual chromatids move to opposite ends
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| Telophase 2 | -2 daughter cells divides into 4 new daughter cells
-each new daughter cell has 23 chromosomes
-this is 1/2 the number of original parent cell
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| phenotype | observable characteristic of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
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| genotype | an organisms allele pairs
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| haploid | cell with half the number of chromosomes (n) as a diploid (2n) cell
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| fertilization | process by which haploid gametes combine , forming a diploid cell with 2n chromosomes , with n chromosomes from the female parent and n chromosomes from the male parent
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| diploid | having two copies of each chromosome (2n)
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| meiosis | reduction division process ,occurring only in reproductive cells , in which on diploid cell produce 4 haploid cells that are not genetically identical
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| crossing over | exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosomes during propase 1 of meiosis
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| genetics | science of heredity
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| allele | alternative form that a single gene may have for a particular trait
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| dominant | Mendel's name for a specific trait that appeared in the F1 generation
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| recessive | Mendel's name for a specific trait hidden or masked in the F1 generation
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| homozygous | organism with two of the same alleles for a specific trait
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| heterozygous | organism with two of different alleles for a specific trait
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| law of segregation | Mendel's law stating that two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis
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| hybrid | organism heterozygous for a specific trait
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| law of independent assortment | Mendel's law stating that a random distribution of alleles occurs during the formation of gametes
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| genetic recombination | new combination of genes produces by crossing over and independent assortment
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| polyploidy | having one or more extra set of all chromosomes
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| somatic stem cells | found throughout the body during development, they multiply to replenish dying cells and replace damage tissue
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| stem cells | unspecialized cells that are characteristically of the same family type
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Created by:
mackezie Neal
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