Supreme Court Cases to know for AP US Gov
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| Engel v. Vitale (1962) | show 🗑
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| Abington School District v. Schempp (1963) | show 🗑
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| show | Unconstitutional to reimburse nonpublic schools because it violates the Establishment Clause. Lemon test, (1) ecular legilstaive purpose (2) not advance or inhibit religion and (3) no excessive government entanglement.
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| Wallace v. Jaffree (1985) | show 🗑
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| Schenck v. US (1919) - | show 🗑
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| show | The First Amendment applies to the states. A state may forbid speech and publication if they have a tendency to result in action dangerous to public security. There is a “dangerous tendency” test that it must pass.
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| Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) | show 🗑
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| show | Wearing armbands is akin to pure speech so it is protected by the first amendment. Although school environments imply limitations on free expression, here the principals lack justifications for inposing limits.
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| show | Desecration of the American flag is an expression protected under the First Amendment. Also, the government may not prohibit the expression of an idea simply because society finds it disagreeable.
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| show | Nixon’s efforts to prevent the publication of the Pentagon Papers in the NY Times was unconstitutional, because it would not cause an inevitable, direct, and immediate event imperiling the safety of American forces.
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| Buckley v. Valeo (1976) | show 🗑
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| US v. Nixon (1974) | show 🗑
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| show | Obscene materials are not under the First Amendment protection. Test for obscenity: (a) prurient interest (b) depicts or describes sexual conduct specifically defined by state law and (c) lacks literary, artistic, political, or science value
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| show | Obscenity is not “within the area of constitutionally protected speech or press.” Test: “whether to the average person, applying contemporary community standards, the dominant theme of the material taken as a whole appeals to prurient interest.”
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| show | It’s appropriate for a school to prohibit the use of vulgar and offensive language because inconsistent with “fundamental values of public school education.”
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| Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988) | show 🗑
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| show | You can’t censor or prohibit a publication in advance, but the communication can be punishable after publication.
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| show | Struck down anti-indecency provisions of the Communications Decency Act (the CDA), finding they violated the freedom of speech provisions of the First Amendment
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| Mapp v. Ohio (1961) | show 🗑
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| show | The Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures requires the police to obtain a search warrant in order to wiretap a public pay phone.
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| New Jersey v. TLO (1985) | show 🗑
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| Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) | show 🗑
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| show | upheld a Missouri law that imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities and employees in performing, assisting with, or counseling on abortions
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| Roe v. Wade (1973) | show 🗑
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| show | new standard to determine the validity of laws restricting abortions: whether it is an “undue burden,”
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| show | partial abortions are okay and do not constitute an undue burden.
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| show | Legalized segregation in publicly owned facilities on the basis of "separate but equal."
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| Brown v. Board of Education (1954 and 1955) | show 🗑
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| Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) | show 🗑
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| Gratz v. Bollinger (2003) | show 🗑
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| show | upheld the affirmative action admissions policy because the Law School conducts highly individualized reviews of each applicant, so no acceptance or rejection is based solely on race.
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| show | The Texas law, which made it a crime for two people of the same age to engage in sexual conduct, violates the Due Process Clause.
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| show | The court upheld the constitutionality of detention camps for Japanese-Americans during World War 2.
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| Baker v. Carr (1962) | show 🗑
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| show | Districts have to be approximately equal in population, with a “one person, one vote.”
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| Shaw v. Reno | show 🗑
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| Fletcher v. Peck (1810) | show 🗑
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| U.S. v. Lopez (1995) | show 🗑
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| Clinton v. NY (1998) | show 🗑
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| Barron v. Baltimore (1833) | show 🗑
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| Furman v. Georgia | show 🗑
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| NRLB v. Laughlin Steel | show 🗑
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| show | Procedures to determine whether a defendant should receive the death penalty
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| US v. Morrison | show 🗑
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| show | legislative veto is unconstitutional
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| Printz v. US | show 🗑
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| show | unconstitutional to mandate gender discrimination
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| show | Buses for religious schools are OK
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| Smith v. Alwright | show 🗑
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