Immunology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Explain the difference between an 'antigen' and an 'epitope'. | An epitope is a small sub unit on the surface of an antigen which binds to the antibody. An antigen is a carrier molcules which generates the immune response.
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| Which surface marker is involved in presenting antigenic epitopes on the surface of B cells? | MHC2 complex.
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| Name the surface markers present on T cells which help them interact with B cells. | TCR/CD4.
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| Which cell type releases cytokines? | T cells.
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| Describe the role of a cytokine in activation of B cells. | - Stimulates antibody production
- Stimulates class switching
- Stimulates proliferation of B cells
- Stimulates the differentiation of plasma cells.
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| Which cell type undergoes clonal proliferation? | B cells.
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| What triggers clonal proliferation? | Epitopes binding to BCR.
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| Name the type of bonds which stabilize an antibody's structure? | Disulphide bonds.
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| How many variable domains and how many constant domains does each heavy chain in IgG possess. | 1 variable and 3 constants.
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| List the four factors which contribute to the diversity of antigen binding sites. | - Variety of different genes
- High somatic mutation rate
- Splicing
- Coded on different chromosomes.
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| List 4 variables that would make a molecule immunogenic. | -High molecular weight
-Chemical composition (complex)
-Degradability of antigen
-Foreignness to host.
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| Name a molecule used in the process of conjugation. | MAP
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| List the type of chemical bonds involved in holding the antigens in a binding site on an antibody molecule. | -van der waals
-hydrophobic
-hydrogen
-electrostatic
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