Digestive System Quiz (29.1-29.3)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Alimentary canal | The digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.
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| Saliva | A liquid secreted into the mouth that contains mucus and digestive enzymes that start chemical digestion.
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| Bolus | The chewed clump of food that leaves the mouth and travels through the alimentary canal.
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| Pharynx | The upper portion of the throat; Also the junction of the alimentary canal and the trachea.
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| Esophagus | The muscle-encased tube of the alimentary canal that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach.
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| Peristalsis | A series of smooth muscle contractions that push food through the alimentary canal.
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| Stomach | The elastic, muscular sac where some chemical and some mechanical digestion takes place.
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| Chyme | A liquid mixture of food and stomach fluids released from the stomach into the small intestine.
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| Small intestine | The long, narrow tube where digestion is completed and most absorption occurs.
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| Liver | The largest organ in the body. It performs many functions such as producing bile, storing glucose as glycogen, and transforming ammonia to urea.
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| Gall bladder | The organ that stores the bile from the liver and releases it into the small intestine.
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| Pancreas | The gland that makes digestive enzymes and secretes them into the small intestine. It also makes the hormones insulin and glucagon and secretes them into the blood.
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| Villus (plural: villi) | The fingerlike projection of the inner surface of the small intestine that functions in absorbing nutrients.
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| Large intestine | The portion of the alimentary canal from which water is reabsorbed into the body.
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| Feces | The undigested food material and other waste products that exit the body through the anus.
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| Nutrition | The process of how your body obtains raw materials from food.
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| Digestion | The process of breaking down food into molecules small enough for the body to absorb.
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| Absorption | The stage of digestion wherein certain cells absorb small molecules such as glucose sugar, water, vitamins, and minerals.
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| Elimination | The stage of digestion wherein undigested material passes out of the body
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| Mechanical digestion | The process of breaking food down into smaller pieces by chewing, grinding, and mashing the food.
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| Chemical digestion | The process of digestion wherein chemical bonds within larger food molecules are broken into smaller, different molecules that can be absorbed in the intestines.
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| Essential nutrients | Materials that must be ingested (eaten) because your cells cannot construct them from other molecules. Nutrients that you need!
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| What are the six types of nutrients found in food? | carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water
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| What are the four stages of food processing? | ingestion->digestion->absorption->elimination
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| Polysaccharide | Starch molecule made of many saccharide (sugar) molecules
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| Monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule, like glucose or fructose
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| Kinetic energy | The energy of motion
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| Diffusion | The movement of particles from a region in which they are higher in concentration to regions of lower concentration.
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| Concentration gradient | The process of particles, which are sometimes called solutes, moving through a solution or gas from an area with a higher number of particles to an area with a lower number of particles.
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| Osmosis | The diffusion of a substance through a semipermeable membrane from a more dilute solution (less concentrated) to a more concentrated solution.
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| Semipermeable membrane | A barrier that permits the passage of some substances but not others.
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Created by:
Shelly Sinclair
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