Life on Earth - Topic 1 - Definitions & Food chains/webs/pyramids
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| Define biodiversity. | The variety and abundance of living things
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| Define habitat. | The place where an organism lives
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| Define niche. | The role an organism plays in its community
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| Define ecosystem. | The living and non-living parts of the environment
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| Define population. | The total number of one species living in an area
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| Define community. | All the animals and plants living together
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| Define biome. | A large ecosystem distinguished by its flora, fauna and climate
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| Define producer. | An organism that can make its own food
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| Define consumer. | An organism that eats another organism for energy
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| Define herbivore. | An organism that eats only plants
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| Define carnivore. | An organism that eats only animals (meat)
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| Define omnivore. | An organism that eats both plants and animals
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| Define interspecific competition. | Competition between organisms of different species for similar resources
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| Define intraspecific competition. | Competition between organisms of the same species for the same resources
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| Define indicator species. | A species whose presence or absence indicates the level of pollution in the environment.
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| What type of organism is always at the start of a food chain? | Producer
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| What type of consumer eats the producer? | Primary consumer
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| What type of consumer eats the primary consumer? | Secondary consumer
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| What type of consumer eats the secondary consumer? | Tertiary consumer
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| What do the arrows in a food chain represent? | The direction of energy flow
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| What percentage of energy is passed on at each stage of the food chain? | 10%
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| What percentage of energy is lost at each stage of the food chain? | 90%
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| Name 3 ways energy can be lost in a food chain. | heat, movement, undigested material
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| Describe a 'pyramid of biomass'. | A diagram that shows the total mass of organisms at each stage of the food chain.
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| Describe a 'pyramid of energy'. | A diagram that shows the total energy received by organisms at each stage of the food chain.
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| Describe a 'pyramid of numbers'. | A diagram that shows the total number of organisms at each stage of the food chain.
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| If a pyramid of numbers is 'skinny' at the bottom, what does the food chain start with? | A tree
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| If a pyramid of numbers is 'big' at the top, what does the food chain end with? | Flea, insect or mite
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