Cements
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| ZINC PHOSPHATE | Low financial cost | Low pH; Low mechanical properties No adhesion to dental substrates | Type I (25μm particles) Type II (40μm particles) | Liquid: Phosphoric acid, Powder: Zinc Oxide | H3PO4 + 3 Zn(OH)2 ⟶ Zn3(PO4) + 6 H2O | M time: 1.5 min W time: 3 minutes; S time: 8 minutes. | A substance that is formed by the reaction between zinc oxide powder and phosphoric acid liquid, which can be used either as a base or as a luting agent.
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| ZINC POLYCARBOXYLATE | Low financial cost; Adhesion to dental substrates; | Low pH Low mechanical properties ; | N/A | Liquid: Polyacrylic acid Powder: Zinc Oxide | (C3H4O2)n + Zn(OH)2 ⟶ Zinc Polycarboxylate + H2O | M time: 30 secs W time : 2 mins S time: 7 mins |
A dental cement based on the reaction between zinc oxide powder and a liquid of polycarboxilic acid.
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| ZINC OXIDE AND EUGENOL | Neutral pH Antibacterial properties Biocompatibility Low financial cost | Eugenol may interfere with composite resin Low mechanical properties No adhesion to dental substrates Low aesthetic properties (opaque white) | Type I: Temporary ZOE Luting cement Type II: Long term ZOE Luting cement Type III: Temporary ZOE Restoration Type IV: Intermediate ZOE Restoration | Liquid : Eugenol Powder: Zinc Oxide | ZnO + H2O ⟶ Zn(OH)2 Zn(OH)2 + 2 HE ⟶ ZnE2 + 2 H2O | M time: 30 sec Working time: 3 mins S time: 4-10 minutes. | always mix the powder towards the liquid
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| Glass Ionomer | Adhesion to dental substrates; Fluoride ion releasing Biocompatibility; Thermal coefficient closer to dentin and enamel; Mechanical properties similar to dentin (highest among all cements) Aesthetic properties | Low pH | Luting, TEMPORARY, or final restorative) Conventional Metal modified Resin Modified | Liquid: Polyacrilic acid Powder: Fluoroaluminosilicate glass | **CHEMICAL BOND to dental substrates (quelation reaction between carboxyl groups and calcium from hydroxiapatite) | M: 30 secs W: 2 mins S: 8 minutes | best aesthetic propertied then all cements, but low when compared to other restorative materials.
Chemical bond to tooth is very important prevents leakage
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| Calcium Hydroxide | High pH (~12); Excellent antibacterial properties; Mineralized barrier formation (bioactive molecules) Calcium ion release; | High solubility No adhesion to dental substrates Low mechanical properties | Powder Paste Cement Resin modified CaOH (light cured) | Base paste: Disalicylate Ester of 1,3 Butylene Glycol Catalyst paste: Calcium Hydroxide | Disalicylate Ester + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ Calcium Disalicylate + H2O | M time: 10 seconds; Working time: 1 minute; Setting time: 3 minutes. | introduced to the dental profession in 1921 and has been considered the “gold standard” of direct pulp capping materials for several decades.
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| Mineral Tri-Aggregate (MTA) | High pH; Excellent antibacterial properties; Mineralized barrier formation (bioactive molecules); Calcium ion release; | High solubility; No adhesion to dental substrates; Low mechanical properties High financial cost. | White MTA Grey MTA (Higher Fe2O3 concentration) | Liquid: Distilled water Powder: Tricalcium silicate, Dicalcium silicate, Calcium aluminate | Hydration of minerals. | Manipulation time: 30 seconds; Working time: ~10 minutes Setting time: 15-120 minutes. | A tri- and dicalcium silicate-based cement used for vital pulp therapy and endodontic indications including apexification, iatrogenic perforation repair, resorption repair, root-end filling, and sealing.
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| Resin modified Calcium silicate* | High pH Antibacterial properties; Mineralized barrier formation (bioactive molecules); Calcium ion release; Low solubility; Higher mechanical properties Setting reaction control | No adhesion to dental substrates High financial cost; Resin in composition**. |
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| These materials are best used for ?? (see notes) Zinc oxide and eugenol Glass ionomer Zinc phosphate | Temporary Direct Restorations
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| Resin modified glass ionomer is best used for ? | Final Direct Restorations
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| these are best used for ? Calcium hydroxide cement, Resin modified calcium silicate, Conventional glass ionomer Resin modified glass ionomer,.Zinc oxide and eugenol, .Zinc phosphate* | Indirect Pulp Capping
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| Calcium hydroxide, MTA and resin modified calcium silicate are best used for ? | Direct pulp capping
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| Conventional glass ionomer;; .Resin modified glass ionomer;; Zinc phosphate*;; Zinc polycarboxylate*;; Zinc oxide and eugenol (temporary). best used for | Indirect restoration cementation
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