Science 2,22,24
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Ecology | study of the interactions of organisms with their envrionment
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| Biosphere | composed of living commumites and nonliving physical and chemical factors / global ecosystem/ supports life
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| Autotrophs | plants on land that use photosynthesis and can also be called producers ( also bacteria)
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| Photoautotrophs | capture energy from the sun to make organic compounds through photosynthesis
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| Chemoautotrophs | capture energy from chemicals to make organic compounds through chemosynthesis
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| Heterotrophs | primary consumers, eat autotrophs, cannot make their own food
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| Detritivores and Decomposers | recieve energy from dead matter and wastes
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| Cellular repiration | auto. and hetero. carry out chemical reactions that release chemical energy in organic compounds
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| Food chain | describe eating realationships or transfer of energy in one direction between organisms in an ecosystem
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| Food webs | a network of interconnecting food chains
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| Habitat | where particular organisms live
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| 10% rule | each trophic level reaches ammmount 10% of the energy from the level below it
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| trophic structure | autotrophs, heterotrophs, hervivores, omnivores, carnivores
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| Biomass | the total quantity or mass of organisms in an are or volume
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| predation | a +/- interaction between two species in which one species eats the other
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| niche | a particular combination of resourses that species is adopted to exploit
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| symbiosis | living together in a long-term relationship with significant physical or chemical interactions
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| Mutualism | both species benefit +/+
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| Parasitism | one organism benefits at the others expense +/-
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| Commensalism | one organism benefits and the other is unaffected +/o
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| Competiiton | larger or stornger organism excludes a smaller or weaker one form living space or deprives it from food
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| Behavior | an organisms conducts or the way it acts. affects the availablity of an individual organism to survive and reproduce
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| Inate behaviors | anything influnced by genes, not based on expeierence
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| Response | an organisms reaction to stimilus
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| Stimiulus | anything that trigers behaivors
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| Learned beheivors | develops as a result of experience
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| Conditioning | one stimulus is associated with another unrelated stimulus
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| Animal Societies | complex social group organized by genetically determined behavior patterns
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| population density | the number of individuals per unit of land or area or water volume
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| productivity | how fast more biomass is added to an ecosystem
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| limiting factors | it determines how quickly biomass is added to an ecosystem and can be biotic or abiotic
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| Expontential growth | growth by multiplying cells and quickly rising and then falling
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| Carrying Capacity | largest popualtion of a species the environment can support and is always in logistic growth
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| Logistic Growth | when the population keeps growing and eventually becomes stable
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| Ecosystem | all the organisms in a community as well as the abiotic environment
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| Succession | one type of communty repalces another
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| Climax Community | complex relationships now exist in the community and it has reached a stable balance
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| Primary Succession | begins on bare rock glacial deposits lake beds
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| Secondary Succession | occurs in a disturbed site where soil is already present lake and abandoned field, forest fire, etc
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| common pool resources | goods and services provided by ecosystems that can be used by everyone
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| Sustainable | means we can continue to use ecosystem goods and services without ruining them for future generations
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| pollution | harming human and animal health, creates acid rain which prevents forest from growing and affects aquatic life
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| biodiversity | the variety of life in a world or particular habitat or ecosystem
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| greenhouse gasses pros | they trap heat in the atmosphere. w/o them the earth would be too cool to sustain life
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| greenhouse gasses cons | there is too much heat increasein our global climate = global warming
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| what are the levels of organization an ecologist can study in order | organism, population, community, ecosystem
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| what makes up a population | all the same organism in a species
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| what makes up a community | different organisms of different species in an ecosystem
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| what makes up an ecosystem | biotic and abiotic factors
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| ways organisms use energy | to car out chemical reactions, move, and transport nutrients to build complex molecules for cells
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| chemical energy vs free energy | free is available for work while chemical energy is formed and stored in organic molecules
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| autotrophs get their energy by | photosynthesis and chemosynthesis
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| how do heterotrophs obtain their energy | from other organisms, heterotrophs are carnivores, herbivores or omnivores.
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| what is a tropic level | organism that share the same function in the food chain and same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy
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| trophic levels in order from bottom to top | producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, Tertiary consumers, Quaternary consumers
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| which tropic level contains the most biomass | produces because they obtain the most energy
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| competitive exclusion principle | states that two spices cannot occupy the same niche in the same ecosystem for a long period of time
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| benefits to an animal society | defense form predators, reproduction, group care of young, diffusion of labor, sharing of useful information
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| dominance hierarchy | where animals in a group have certain individual dominance over others like gorillas or wolves
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| caste system | leadership is determined by body type and genetics like bees and termites
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| biochemical cycle | it cycles the chemicals between organisms and the earth
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| 3 processes that release co2 into the atmosphere | cellular respiration, decomposition, combustion
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| role of photosynthesis in carbon cycle | allows plants to give off o2 which primary consumers use and take co2 out of the atmosphere
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| consequences of climate change | rise in sea levels, damage to coastal cities, agricultural impacts, human health inputs due to air quality
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| renewable vs nonrenewable | can be replenished(solar energy, air) verses things with a limited supply(coal, oil)
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| difference between primary and secondary succession | primary takes longer and primary starts with less resources
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| what happens to nitrogen before animal and plant use | it is fixed through nitrogen fixation caried out usually by bacteria and cyonobacteria
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| water cycle | processes by which water circulates between earth's oceans, land, and atmosphere
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| condensation | the conversion of gas to water
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| plant transpiration | water movement through plant and evaporation from leaves stems and flowers
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| infiltration | water on ground enters the surface soil
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| solar radiation | radiant energy emitted b the sun in electromagnetic energy
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| evaporation | type of vaporization from liquid into gas
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Created by:
emassmann
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