OPT Teeth
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| 1. matrix formation 2. mineralization 3. maturation | 3 stages of enamel development
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| environmental enamel hypoplasia | abnormal formation of matrix deposition; forms pits, grooves and missing enamel
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| environmental enamel opacity | damage to enamel during maturation; normal enamel thickness but is discolored and opaque
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| diffuse opacities | ill-defined areas of white enamel
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| demarcated opacities | circumscribed areas of white, create yellow or brown
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| Turner hypoplasia | white/yellow/brown hypo maturation of permanent tooth due to trauma to overlying primary tooth
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| Turner tooth | altered permanent tooth from primary tooth trauma
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| dilaceration | bend of crown or root of tooth
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| molar incisor hypomineralization | idiopathic developmental abnormality of enamel defects in first molars
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| cheese molars | another name for molar incisor hypo mineralization; due to soft and porous enamel
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| dental fluorosis | ingestion of excess fluoride causing enamel defects; opaque white and areas of yellow to brown {mottling}
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| syphilitic hypoplasia | includes Hutchinson incisors and mulberry molars
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| tooth wear | loss of tooth structure, normal physiologic process in aging
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| attrition | caused by tooth to tooth contact while chewing
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| abrasion | secondary to action of external agent
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| demastication | tooth wear from chewing abrasive substance; combination of attrition and abrasion
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| erosion | caused by acidic chemical reaction, internal and external
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| periomolysis | erosion from gastric secretion
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| abfraction | caused by repeated flexure from occlusal stresses
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| internal resorption | caused by cells in dental pulp
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| inflammatory resorption | internal resorption where dentin is replaced by inflammatory granulation tissue
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| pink tooth of Mummery | pink coronal discoloration when inflammatory resorption in coronal pulp chamber
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| replacement (metaplastic) resorption | dentinal wall is resorbed and replaced with bone-like cementum
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| external resorption | arises from cells in PDL
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| invasive cervical resorption | when external resorption begins at cervical and spreads to adjacent teeth and roots
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| multiple idiopathic root resorption | when multiple teeth are affected by invasive cervical resorption
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| eruption | movement of tooth from development to functional position
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| emergence | when first part of the crown is visible
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| impacted teeth | when a tooth ceases to erupt before emergence
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| ankylosis | cessation of eruption after emergence, fusion of tooth and bone; aka {infra occlusion, secondary retention, reimpaction}
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| hypodontia | lack of development of one or more teeth due to problems with dental lamina
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| anodontia | total lack of tooth development; seen in ectodermal dysplasia
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| oligodontia | missing 6 or more teeth
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| hyperdontia | increased number of teeth; extra teeth called {supernumerary}
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| mesiodens | supernumerary teeth in anterior maxilla
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| distomolar/distodens | supernumerary teeth distal to third molars
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| paramolar | supernumerary teeth lingual or buccal to a molar
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| natal teeth | teeth present shortly after birth, usually lower incisors
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| dental transposition | normal teeth in inappropriate locations
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| microdontia | unusually small teeth, upper lateral and 3rd molars are most likely
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| macrodontia | unusually large teeth
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| gemination/fusion | double tooth where the tooth count is normal/off by one; joined by dentin
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| concrescence | two formed teeth joined by cementum
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| cusp of Carabelli | accessory cusp on mesiolingual of maxillary first molars in permanent and primary teeth
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| protostylid | analogous to cusp of Carabelli on lower molars
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| talon cusp | additional cusp on lingual of anterior tooth that projects over 1/2 the distance from CEJ to incisal edge
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| dens evaginatus | cusp-like elevation of enamel on central groove or lingual ridge
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| shovel-shaped incisors | associated with dens evaginates; prominent lateral margins on lingual of incisors
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| coronal dens invaginatus | maxillary predominance, usually in laterals; aka {dens in dente}
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| dilated odontome | invagination that distorts the shape of the developing tooth
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| radicular dens invaginatus | rare; ectopic radicular enamel that forms invagination
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| taurodontism | enlargement of tooth body and pulp chamber
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| hypercementosis | non-neoplastic deposition of excess cementum continuous with normal cementum; seen in Paget disease
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| globodontia | cuspids and molars with enlarged and bulbous crowns; occlusal surface looks like a tied end of a sausage
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| otodental syndrome | combination of globodontia and sensorineural hearing loss
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| lobodontia | autosomal dominant disorder where teeth look like carnivorous fangs
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| amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) | group of 14 hereditary disorders of alteration in enamel development in any stage of enamel development
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| hypoplastic AI | problem during enamel matrix formation but has appropriate mineralization
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| hypomaturation AI | problem during enamel maturation of crystal structure
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| hypocalcified AI | lack of mineralization of enamel matrix; yellow/brown/orange teeth, widespread calculus
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| generalized pitted AI | hypoplastic AI, scattered pits across all surfaces
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| localized pitted AI | horizontal rows of pits or linear depression; can affect only scattered teeth and only the primary teeth
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| diffuse hypoplastic AI | both dentitions little or no enamel that can be {smooth} or {rough}
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| enamel agenesis | total lack of enamel formation; type of diffuse hypoplastic AI
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| generalized thin hypoplstic AI | includes all diffuse hypoplastic types of AI
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| hypomaturation | normally formed matrix but defective maturation of crystal structure; looks like fluorosis
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| pigmented | type of hypomature AI; mottled, agar brown enamel; requires full crown coverage
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| snow-capped | type of hypo mature AI; zone of white opaque enamel on occlusal third
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| hypomineralization amelogenesis imperfecta | groups hypo maturation and hypo calcified variants of AI
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| autosomal dominant AI with taurodontism | joins both variants due to phenotypic variation in families
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| tricho-dento-osseous syndrome | autosomal dominant disorder with AI with taurodontism, kinky hair and bone issues
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| dentinogenesis imperfecta | autosomal dominant disorder of translucent teeth and premature closure of pulp canals
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| shell teeth | normal thickness enamel with thin dentin and large pulps
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| Brandywine isolate | dentinogenesis imperfect with enamel hypoplasia and pulp enlargement
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| dentin dysplasia, type II | autosomal dominant disorder like DI; normal root length, blue/brown primary teeth and large pulp chambers, pulp stones in permanent dentition
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| dentin dysplasia, type I | rootless teeth from autosomal dominant disorder; normal crowns with crescent pulp chambers
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| regional odontodysplasia | idiopathic disorder of teeth with thin enamel and dentin with large radiolucent pulps {ghost teeth}
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| ghost teeth | teeth with thin enamel and dentin and large radiolucent pulps; seen in regional odontodysplasia
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Created by:
aharnold
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