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OPT Teeth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. matrix formation 2. mineralization 3. maturation | 3 stages of enamel development |
| environmental enamel hypoplasia | abnormal formation of matrix deposition; forms pits, grooves and missing enamel |
| environmental enamel opacity | damage to enamel during maturation; normal enamel thickness but is discolored and opaque |
| diffuse opacities | ill-defined areas of white enamel |
| demarcated opacities | circumscribed areas of white, create yellow or brown |
| Turner hypoplasia | white/yellow/brown hypo maturation of permanent tooth due to trauma to overlying primary tooth |
| Turner tooth | altered permanent tooth from primary tooth trauma |
| dilaceration | bend of crown or root of tooth |
| molar incisor hypomineralization | idiopathic developmental abnormality of enamel defects in first molars |
| cheese molars | another name for molar incisor hypo mineralization; due to soft and porous enamel |
| dental fluorosis | ingestion of excess fluoride causing enamel defects; opaque white and areas of yellow to brown {mottling} |
| syphilitic hypoplasia | includes Hutchinson incisors and mulberry molars |
| tooth wear | loss of tooth structure, normal physiologic process in aging |
| attrition | caused by tooth to tooth contact while chewing |
| abrasion | secondary to action of external agent |
| demastication | tooth wear from chewing abrasive substance; combination of attrition and abrasion |
| erosion | caused by acidic chemical reaction, internal and external |
| periomolysis | erosion from gastric secretion |
| abfraction | caused by repeated flexure from occlusal stresses |
| internal resorption | caused by cells in dental pulp |
| inflammatory resorption | internal resorption where dentin is replaced by inflammatory granulation tissue |
| pink tooth of Mummery | pink coronal discoloration when inflammatory resorption in coronal pulp chamber |
| replacement (metaplastic) resorption | dentinal wall is resorbed and replaced with bone-like cementum |
| external resorption | arises from cells in PDL |
| invasive cervical resorption | when external resorption begins at cervical and spreads to adjacent teeth and roots |
| multiple idiopathic root resorption | when multiple teeth are affected by invasive cervical resorption |
| eruption | movement of tooth from development to functional position |
| emergence | when first part of the crown is visible |
| impacted teeth | when a tooth ceases to erupt before emergence |
| ankylosis | cessation of eruption after emergence, fusion of tooth and bone; aka {infra occlusion, secondary retention, reimpaction} |
| hypodontia | lack of development of one or more teeth due to problems with dental lamina |
| anodontia | total lack of tooth development; seen in ectodermal dysplasia |
| oligodontia | missing 6 or more teeth |
| hyperdontia | increased number of teeth; extra teeth called {supernumerary} |
| mesiodens | supernumerary teeth in anterior maxilla |
| distomolar/distodens | supernumerary teeth distal to third molars |
| paramolar | supernumerary teeth lingual or buccal to a molar |
| natal teeth | teeth present shortly after birth, usually lower incisors |
| dental transposition | normal teeth in inappropriate locations |
| microdontia | unusually small teeth, upper lateral and 3rd molars are most likely |
| macrodontia | unusually large teeth |
| gemination/fusion | double tooth where the tooth count is normal/off by one; joined by dentin |
| concrescence | two formed teeth joined by cementum |
| cusp of Carabelli | accessory cusp on mesiolingual of maxillary first molars in permanent and primary teeth |
| protostylid | analogous to cusp of Carabelli on lower molars |
| talon cusp | additional cusp on lingual of anterior tooth that projects over 1/2 the distance from CEJ to incisal edge |
| dens evaginatus | cusp-like elevation of enamel on central groove or lingual ridge |
| shovel-shaped incisors | associated with dens evaginates; prominent lateral margins on lingual of incisors |
| coronal dens invaginatus | maxillary predominance, usually in laterals; aka {dens in dente} |
| dilated odontome | invagination that distorts the shape of the developing tooth |
| radicular dens invaginatus | rare; ectopic radicular enamel that forms invagination |
| taurodontism | enlargement of tooth body and pulp chamber |
| hypercementosis | non-neoplastic deposition of excess cementum continuous with normal cementum; seen in Paget disease |
| globodontia | cuspids and molars with enlarged and bulbous crowns; occlusal surface looks like a tied end of a sausage |
| otodental syndrome | combination of globodontia and sensorineural hearing loss |
| lobodontia | autosomal dominant disorder where teeth look like carnivorous fangs |
| amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) | group of 14 hereditary disorders of alteration in enamel development in any stage of enamel development |
| hypoplastic AI | problem during enamel matrix formation but has appropriate mineralization |
| hypomaturation AI | problem during enamel maturation of crystal structure |
| hypocalcified AI | lack of mineralization of enamel matrix; yellow/brown/orange teeth, widespread calculus |
| generalized pitted AI | hypoplastic AI, scattered pits across all surfaces |
| localized pitted AI | horizontal rows of pits or linear depression; can affect only scattered teeth and only the primary teeth |
| diffuse hypoplastic AI | both dentitions little or no enamel that can be {smooth} or {rough} |
| enamel agenesis | total lack of enamel formation; type of diffuse hypoplastic AI |
| generalized thin hypoplstic AI | includes all diffuse hypoplastic types of AI |
| hypomaturation | normally formed matrix but defective maturation of crystal structure; looks like fluorosis |
| pigmented | type of hypomature AI; mottled, agar brown enamel; requires full crown coverage |
| snow-capped | type of hypo mature AI; zone of white opaque enamel on occlusal third |
| hypomineralization amelogenesis imperfecta | groups hypo maturation and hypo calcified variants of AI |
| autosomal dominant AI with taurodontism | joins both variants due to phenotypic variation in families |
| tricho-dento-osseous syndrome | autosomal dominant disorder with AI with taurodontism, kinky hair and bone issues |
| dentinogenesis imperfecta | autosomal dominant disorder of translucent teeth and premature closure of pulp canals |
| shell teeth | normal thickness enamel with thin dentin and large pulps |
| Brandywine isolate | dentinogenesis imperfect with enamel hypoplasia and pulp enlargement |
| dentin dysplasia, type II | autosomal dominant disorder like DI; normal root length, blue/brown primary teeth and large pulp chambers, pulp stones in permanent dentition |
| dentin dysplasia, type I | rootless teeth from autosomal dominant disorder; normal crowns with crescent pulp chambers |
| regional odontodysplasia | idiopathic disorder of teeth with thin enamel and dentin with large radiolucent pulps {ghost teeth} |
| ghost teeth | teeth with thin enamel and dentin and large radiolucent pulps; seen in regional odontodysplasia |
Created by:
aharnold
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