OPT Developmental
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| congenital defect | present at birth
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| hereditary defect | genetically transmitted from parent to offspring
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| orofacial clefts | caused by disturbances in fusion of facial processes
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| bifid uvula | the most minimal manifestation of cleft palate
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| commissural lip pits | small mucosal invaginations of the lip at the corners of the mouth at the vermillion border; associated with {pre auricular pits}
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| paramedian lip pits | congenital invaginations on both sides of the lower vermillion border, can express saliva
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| van der Woude syndrome | exhibits paramedian lip pits with a cleft lip/palate
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| double lip | redundant fold of tissue on mucosal side of upper lip
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| Ascher syndrome | exhibits double lip, swollen upper eyelid, and thyroid enlargement
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| fordyce granules | ectopic sebaceous glands in 80% of the population; yellow/cream papules on the buccal mucosa
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| leukoedema | thickened buccal mucosa, diffuse white/gray opalescent
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| microglossia | small tongue
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| macroglossia | large tongue
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| ankyloglossia | tongue-tied; shortened lingual frenum
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| lingual thyroid | remnants of thyroid tissue in base of the the tongue originating from the foramen cecum
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| fissured tongue (scrotal tongue) | grooves/fissures on dorm of tongue, usually asymptomatic; associated with {benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue)}
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| Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome | exhibits facial swelling/paralysis and fissured tongue
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| hairy tongue | accumulation of keratin on filiform papillae from smoking, antibiotics, and poor oral hygiene
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| variscosity (varix) | abnormal dilated/tortuous veins, usually on under side of the tongue
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| caliber-persistent artery | branch of artery positioned in superficial mucosa without reduction in size, usually found in lips; can sometimes feel a pulse
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| lateral soft palate fistula | bilateral perforations of anterior tonsillar pillars
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| coronoid hyperplasia | large coronoid process that limits opening
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| condylar hyperplasia | excessive growth of one of the condyles, occlusal plane tilts and is corrected with surgery or ortho
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| condylar hypoplasia | underdevelopment of condyle, see in {Treacher-Collins syndrome}
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| bifid condyle | double headed condyle, usually asymptomatic
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| exostosis | localized protuberance of lamellar bone from cortical plate
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| reactive subpontine exostosis | exostosis that develops under bridge pontic, usually on lower
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| torus palatinus | common exostosis in midline of palate
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| torus mandibularis | exostosis on lingual surface of mandible above the mylohyoid line
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| Eagle syndrome | calcification of stylohyoid ligament and elongation of the styloid process
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| Stafne defect (lingual mandibular salivary gland depression) | focal concavity containing part of the submandibular gland seen on a pano
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| submandibular salivary gland depression (Stafne defect) | depression between molars and angle of mandible, from submandibular gland
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| sublingual gland salivary gland depression (anterior Stafne defect) | in the anterior mandible from sublingual gland; shows up on radiograph as a radiolucency over apices
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| palatal cysts of the newborn | epithelial-lined, keratin-filled cysts along median palatal raphe at the junction of the hard and soft palate, usually regress spontaneously
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| Epstein's pearls | cysts along the midline of the palate from trapped epithelium
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| Bohn's nodules | cysts near the junction of hard and soft palates from minor salivary gland epithelium
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| nasolabial cyst (nasoalveolar cyst) | rare, in upper lip lateral to the midline; misplaced epithelium from the nasolacrimal duct
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| globulomaxillary cyst | does not exist, between the upper lateral and the canine; better called {globulomaxillary radiolucency}
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| nasopalatine duct cyst (incisive canal cyst) | most common cyst, develops from remnants of nasopalatine duct; seen as radiolucency on midline between centrals
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| cyst of the incisive papilla | nasoplatine cyst that only involves soft tissue without bone involvement
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| median palatal cyst | probably posterior nasopalatine duct cyst
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| median mandibular cyst | does not exist
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| epidermoid cyst | most common follicular cyst of the skin; arises from hair follicles in acne prone areas, seen in Gardner Syndrome
-appears as subcutaneous white nodule filled with orthokeratin
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| pilar cyst | in scalp, similar to epidermoid cyst except no granular layer and keratin is very compact and can be calcified
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| dermoid cyst | cystic form of a teratoma but does not have all 3 germ layers; in midline of floor of the mouth, contains skin appendages
-considered {forme fruste}
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| thyroglossal duct cyst | cyst from remnants of thyroglossal duct; in midline anywhere from foramen cecum to sternal notch
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| branchial cleft cyst | developmental cyst in lateral neck on anterior border of SCM; epithelium from 2nd branchial arch, walls contain lymphoid tissue with germinal centers
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| oral lyphoepithelial cyst | intraoral cyst that develops with oral lymphoid tissue usually in floor of mouth and tongue
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| hemihyperplasia | unilateral enlargement of a body part; 6% chance of developing {abdominal cancer}
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| hemifacial hyperplasia | unilateral enlargement of face; 6% chance of developing {abdominal cancer}
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| progressive hemifacial atrophy (Romberg syndrome) | progressive atrophy of one side of the face
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| linear scleroderma | linear scar-like area demarcating the abnormal skin in Romberg syndrome; "en coup de sabre"
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| segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia | unilateral expansion of the maxilla with fibrous hyperplasia of overlying gingiva
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| Crouzon syndrome | early closing of cranial sutures {craniosynostosis}; associated with increased paternal age
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| brachycelphaly | short head
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| scaphocephaly | boat-shaped head
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| trigonocephaly | triangle-shaped head
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| Apert syndrome (acrocephalosyndactyly) | exhibits skull elongated from superior to inferior {acrobrachycephaly} and fused digits
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| mandibulofacial dystosis (Treacher-Collins syndrome) | defects in 1st and 2nd branchial arches with variable expressivity; hypo plastic zygoma, notching of lower eyelid {coloboma}, hypoplastic parotid glands
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| coloboma | notching of lower eyelid
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Created by:
aharnold
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