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OPT Developmental
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| congenital defect | present at birth |
| hereditary defect | genetically transmitted from parent to offspring |
| orofacial clefts | caused by disturbances in fusion of facial processes |
| bifid uvula | the most minimal manifestation of cleft palate |
| commissural lip pits | small mucosal invaginations of the lip at the corners of the mouth at the vermillion border; associated with {pre auricular pits} |
| paramedian lip pits | congenital invaginations on both sides of the lower vermillion border, can express saliva |
| van der Woude syndrome | exhibits paramedian lip pits with a cleft lip/palate |
| double lip | redundant fold of tissue on mucosal side of upper lip |
| Ascher syndrome | exhibits double lip, swollen upper eyelid, and thyroid enlargement |
| fordyce granules | ectopic sebaceous glands in 80% of the population; yellow/cream papules on the buccal mucosa |
| leukoedema | thickened buccal mucosa, diffuse white/gray opalescent |
| microglossia | small tongue |
| macroglossia | large tongue |
| ankyloglossia | tongue-tied; shortened lingual frenum |
| lingual thyroid | remnants of thyroid tissue in base of the the tongue originating from the foramen cecum |
| fissured tongue (scrotal tongue) | grooves/fissures on dorm of tongue, usually asymptomatic; associated with {benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue)} |
| Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome | exhibits facial swelling/paralysis and fissured tongue |
| hairy tongue | accumulation of keratin on filiform papillae from smoking, antibiotics, and poor oral hygiene |
| variscosity (varix) | abnormal dilated/tortuous veins, usually on under side of the tongue |
| caliber-persistent artery | branch of artery positioned in superficial mucosa without reduction in size, usually found in lips; can sometimes feel a pulse |
| lateral soft palate fistula | bilateral perforations of anterior tonsillar pillars |
| coronoid hyperplasia | large coronoid process that limits opening |
| condylar hyperplasia | excessive growth of one of the condyles, occlusal plane tilts and is corrected with surgery or ortho |
| condylar hypoplasia | underdevelopment of condyle, see in {Treacher-Collins syndrome} |
| bifid condyle | double headed condyle, usually asymptomatic |
| exostosis | localized protuberance of lamellar bone from cortical plate |
| reactive subpontine exostosis | exostosis that develops under bridge pontic, usually on lower |
| torus palatinus | common exostosis in midline of palate |
| torus mandibularis | exostosis on lingual surface of mandible above the mylohyoid line |
| Eagle syndrome | calcification of stylohyoid ligament and elongation of the styloid process |
| Stafne defect (lingual mandibular salivary gland depression) | focal concavity containing part of the submandibular gland seen on a pano |
| submandibular salivary gland depression (Stafne defect) | depression between molars and angle of mandible, from submandibular gland |
| sublingual gland salivary gland depression (anterior Stafne defect) | in the anterior mandible from sublingual gland; shows up on radiograph as a radiolucency over apices |
| palatal cysts of the newborn | epithelial-lined, keratin-filled cysts along median palatal raphe at the junction of the hard and soft palate, usually regress spontaneously |
| Epstein's pearls | cysts along the midline of the palate from trapped epithelium |
| Bohn's nodules | cysts near the junction of hard and soft palates from minor salivary gland epithelium |
| nasolabial cyst (nasoalveolar cyst) | rare, in upper lip lateral to the midline; misplaced epithelium from the nasolacrimal duct |
| globulomaxillary cyst | does not exist, between the upper lateral and the canine; better called {globulomaxillary radiolucency} |
| nasopalatine duct cyst (incisive canal cyst) | most common cyst, develops from remnants of nasopalatine duct; seen as radiolucency on midline between centrals |
| cyst of the incisive papilla | nasoplatine cyst that only involves soft tissue without bone involvement |
| median palatal cyst | probably posterior nasopalatine duct cyst |
| median mandibular cyst | does not exist |
| epidermoid cyst | most common follicular cyst of the skin; arises from hair follicles in acne prone areas, seen in Gardner Syndrome -appears as subcutaneous white nodule filled with orthokeratin |
| pilar cyst | in scalp, similar to epidermoid cyst except no granular layer and keratin is very compact and can be calcified |
| dermoid cyst | cystic form of a teratoma but does not have all 3 germ layers; in midline of floor of the mouth, contains skin appendages -considered {forme fruste} |
| thyroglossal duct cyst | cyst from remnants of thyroglossal duct; in midline anywhere from foramen cecum to sternal notch |
| branchial cleft cyst | developmental cyst in lateral neck on anterior border of SCM; epithelium from 2nd branchial arch, walls contain lymphoid tissue with germinal centers |
| oral lyphoepithelial cyst | intraoral cyst that develops with oral lymphoid tissue usually in floor of mouth and tongue |
| hemihyperplasia | unilateral enlargement of a body part; 6% chance of developing {abdominal cancer} |
| hemifacial hyperplasia | unilateral enlargement of face; 6% chance of developing {abdominal cancer} |
| progressive hemifacial atrophy (Romberg syndrome) | progressive atrophy of one side of the face |
| linear scleroderma | linear scar-like area demarcating the abnormal skin in Romberg syndrome; "en coup de sabre" |
| segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia | unilateral expansion of the maxilla with fibrous hyperplasia of overlying gingiva |
| Crouzon syndrome | early closing of cranial sutures {craniosynostosis}; associated with increased paternal age |
| brachycelphaly | short head |
| scaphocephaly | boat-shaped head |
| trigonocephaly | triangle-shaped head |
| Apert syndrome (acrocephalosyndactyly) | exhibits skull elongated from superior to inferior {acrobrachycephaly} and fused digits |
| mandibulofacial dystosis (Treacher-Collins syndrome) | defects in 1st and 2nd branchial arches with variable expressivity; hypo plastic zygoma, notching of lower eyelid {coloboma}, hypoplastic parotid glands |
| coloboma | notching of lower eyelid |
Created by:
aharnold
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