Homeostasis and Anatomical terminology
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Homeostasis | The body's ability to detect change and activate mechanisms that oppose it thereby maintaining stable internal conditions
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| Negative feedback | Process by which body senses a change and activates mechanisms that negate or reverse it
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| Stimulus | Change from a set point
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| Afferent pathway | Neurons carrying information towards the central nervous system
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| Efferent pathway | Neurons carrying information away from the central nervous system
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| Sensor/receptor | Tthat senses a change in the body
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| Integrating/control center | Processes information and "makes a decision" about what the appropriate response should be
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| Effector | Cell or organ that carries out the action to return the body to its set point
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| Positive feedback | A physiological change leads to a greater change in the same direction
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| Sagittal plane | Divides body or organ into right and left portions
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| Midsagittal plane | Divides the body or organ into equal right and left halves
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| Frontal/coronal plane | Divides the body or organ into front/back portions
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| Transverse plane | Divides the body or organ into upper and lower portions.
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| Ventral | Towards the front or belly
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| Dorsal | Towards the back or spine
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| Anterior | Toward the ventral or front side
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| Posterior | Toward the dorsal or back side
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| Superior | Towards the head
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| Inferior | Towards the tail
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| Medial | Towards the middle of the body or medial plane
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| Lateral | Away from the middle of the body or medial plane
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| Proximal | Closer to the point of attachment
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| Distal | Further from the point of attachment
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| Superficial | Closer to the body surface
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| Deep | Farther from the body surface
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| Cranial cavity | Cavity within the skull and contains the brain
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| Meninges | Membranes around the brain
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| Vertebral canal | Contains the spinal cord within the vertebrae
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| Thoracic cavity | Cavity containing the lungs found within the rib cage
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| Mediastinum | Region between the lungs containing the heart, esophagus, and trachea
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| Pericardium | Membrane around the heart
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| Visceral pericardium | Inner layer of pericardium forming the surface of the heart
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| Parietal pericardium | Outer membrane layer around the heart
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| Pleural membrane | Membrane around the lungs
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| Visceral pleura | Membrane that forms external surface of lungs
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| Parietal pleura | Lines the inside of the rib cage
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| Abdominal cavity | Cavity containing most of the digestive organs
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| Pelvic cavity | Located within the hip bones
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| Peritoneum | Membranes within the abdominopelvic cavitity
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| Parietal peritoneum | Lines the abdominalpelvic cavity walls
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| Visceral peritoneum | Suspend and surround organs such the small intestine within the abdominal cavity
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