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Endocrine System

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Term
Definition
Hypothalamus   Coordinates the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity.  
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Pituitary   Controls growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands  
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Pineal Gland   A pea-sized conical mass of tissue behind the third ventricle of the brain, secreting a hormone like substance  
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TH/Thyroid Gland   Secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism.  
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PTH/Parathyroid Gland   Produce parathyroid hormone  
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Adrenal Gland   Produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine  
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Oxytocin   Causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the breasts.  
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Mineralocorticoids   Aldosterone (sodium retention) involved with maintaining the salt balance in the body.  
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Glucocorticoids   Cortisol (metabolism, ant-inflammatory)  
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Gonadocorticoids   Sex hormones  
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Pancreas   Secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum  
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Alpha cells/Glucagon   The breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver.  
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Beta cells/Insulin   Regulates the amount of glucose in the blood  
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hCG/Chronic Gonadotropin   Maintain corpus luteum function.  
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Estrogen   Promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics of the body.  
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Progesterone   Released by the corpus luteum that stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy.  
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Testosterone   Stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics, produced mainly in the testes, but also in the ovaries and adrenal cortex.  
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Gastrin   Stimulates HCI release  
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Secretin   Stimulates liver and pancreas.  
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Cholecystokinin   Sphincters of pancreas & gallbladder.  
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Serotonin   Constricts the blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter.  
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Leptin   Appetite control  
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Resistin   Insulin antagonist  
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Adiponectin   Enhances sensitivity to Insulin  
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ANP/Atrial Natriuretic Peptide   Decreases Na+  
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EPO/Erythropoietin   RBC production  
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Renin   Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism (increases BP)  
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Osteocalcin   Insulin secretion, reduces body fat, improves glucose metabolism.  
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Cholecalciferol   Vitamin D precursor  
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Thymus   T lymphocyte's mature.  
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Thymulin   T cell development non-apeptide.  
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Thymopoietins   T cell development involved in the induction of CD90 in the thymus.  
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Thymosins   T cell development hormone of the thymus, and it stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells .  
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Catecholamine's   Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, & Dopamine.  
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