Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate
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| Autotrophs | An organism that can trap an inorganic carbon source such as carbon dioxide, using energy from light or from chemicals.
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| Heterotrophs | An organism that needs a supply of organic molecules as it's carbon source.
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| Glycolysis | The splitting (lysis) of glucose.
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| Link reaction | Decarboxylation and dehydrogenation of pyruvate, resulting in the formation of acetyl coenzyme A, linking glycolysis with the Krebs cycle.
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| Krebs cycle | A cycle of reactions in aerobic respiration in the matrix of a mitochondrion in which hydrogens pass to hydrogen carriers for subsequent ATP synthesis and some ATP is synthesised directly.
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| ATP synthase | Enzyme catalysing the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
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| Chemiosmosis | Synthesis of ATP using energy stored as a difference in hydrogen ion concentration across a membrane in a chloroplast or mitochondrion.
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| Phosphorylation | Transfer of a phosphate group to an organic compound.
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| Respiration | Enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds in living cells.
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| Respiratoryquotient-RQ | The ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide given out in respiration to that of oxygen used .
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| Oxidative phosphorylation | Synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi using energy from oxidation reactions in aerobic respiration.
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| Electron transport chain | Chain of adjacently arranged carrier molecules in the inner mitochondrial membrane, along which electrons pass by redo reactions.
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| FAD | Flavin adenine dinucleotide.
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| NAD | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
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| Cristae | Folds in the inner membrane of the mitochondrial envelope on which are found stalked particles of ATP synthase and electron transport chains associated with aerobic respiration.
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| Alcoholic fermentation | Anaerobic respiration in which glucose is converted to ethanol.
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| Lactate | Lactic acid. The end product of lactic fermentation, often produced by muscles during exercise.
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| Lactic fermentation | Respiration in which, in the absence of oxygen,glucose is converted to lactic acid (lactate).
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| Oxygen debt | Volume of oxygen that is required at the end of exercise to metabolise the lactate that accumulates as a result of anaerobic respiration in muscles.
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| Calorimeter | Apparatus in which the energy value of a compound can be measured by burning it in oxygen.
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| Aerenchyma | Plant tissue containing air spaces.
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| Parenchyma | Basic plant tissue typically used as packing tissue between more specialised structures; it is metabolically active and may have a variety of functions such as food storage, support and transport via symplast and apoplast pathways.
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