Vocabulary
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| allele | any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation.
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| fertilization | the union of male and female gametic nuclei.
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| gametes | a mature sexual reproductive cell, as a sperm or egg, that unites with another cell to form a new organism.
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| gene | the basic physical unit of heredity; a linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of RNA, which, when translated into protein, leads to the expression of hereditary character.
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| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits.
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| heterozygous | having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic.
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| homologous | having the same alleles or genes in the same order of arrangement
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| chromosome | any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the female and male sex chromosomes respectively.
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| homozygous | having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics.
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| hybrid | a person or group of persons produced by the interaction or crossbreeding of two unlike cultures, traditions, etc.
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| assort | to group with others of the same or similar kind; connect or identify as of a similar class; associate
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| meiosis | part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid.
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| phenotype | the appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype
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| probability | the extent to which an event is likely to occur, measured by the ratio of the favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible.
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| Punnett spuare | The diagram used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype
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| zygote | a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
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