Bio final
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| organismal | explores the morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations that allow individual organisms to live successfully in a particular area
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| population | group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
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| community | species that interact with one another within a particular area
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| ecosystem | consists of all the organisms in a particular region, along with nonliving or abiotic components
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| global | encompassed by the biosphere, the thin zone surrounding the earth where all the life exists
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| conservation biology | effort to study, pressure, and restore threatened population, communities and ecosystems
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| biogeography | study of how organisms are distributed geographically
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| biotic factors | interactions with other organisms, competition, reproductive requirements, parasitism
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| abiotic factors | weather, temperature, moiture, seasons-sunlight, wind
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| Tropical Wet Forest | favorable year-round growing conditions very abundant plant growth, leading to high above ground biomass
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| subtropical dessert | high average annual temperatures, very low precipitation species adapt to extreme temperature, slow growing rate
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| Temperate grasslands | to dry to enable tree growth or encroaching trees are burned by fires, plant growth: spring, summer, and fall months
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| temperate forest | monthly temperature all below freezing and plant growth stops, precipitation is moderately high and constant
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| Boreal Forest | Subartic lands south of Arctic Circle, very cold winters, short cool summers
Species-long-lived
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| Arctic Tundra | arctic regions and sold are perenially frozen (permafrost) growing season: 10-12, dominated by small woody shrubs, lichens, and herbaceous plants, low productivity
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| Anthropogenic Biome | Farming, logging and urban development
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| lakes and ponds | driven by wind and changes in temperature, cyanobacteria, and algae
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| Wetlands | shallow-water habitats where soil is saturated with water for at least part of the year.
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| Bogs | low nonexistent water flow, acidic ad nonproductive
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| Streams | movec constantly in one direction; Creeks- small streams, rivers are large
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| Estuaries | where rive meets the ocean and fresh water mixes with salt water
-saline marshes - species cope with variations in salinity
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| oceans | continuous body of salt water
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| Photic | intertidial of sunlit regions of the neritic, oceanic and benthic zones
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| Aphotic | areas that do not receive sunlight
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| Interidal zone | beach
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| Neritic zone | gently sloping, submerged portion of continental shelf
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| Oceanic zone | deep water region
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| Benthic Zone | bottom of the ocean
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| Which zones are the most productive? | Interitidial and Neritic
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| Which one corresponds to the deep open ocean? | Benthic Zone
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| Metapopulation | population of populations connected by migration
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| How does it affect the population dynamics? | more species are being forced into a metapopulation structure
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| How demographic changes? | populations grow due to birth and immigration
populations decline due to death and emigration
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| survivorship | portion of offspring produced that survive on average to a particular age
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| Type 1 curve | high survivorship, mot approach a max life span (humans)
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| Type 2 curve | most experience constant survivorship (songbirds)
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| Type 3 curve | high death rates, early life (plants)
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| Fecundity | number of female offspring produced by each female in population
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| trade-off fecundity | grow quickly, reach sexual maturity at a young age, produce small eggs and seeds
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| what factors affect the population cycles? | density-independence and density dependent factor
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| Zero population growth | is a condition of demographic balance where the number of people in a specified population neither grows nor declines, considered as a social aim by some
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| biodiversity | tree of life
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| what are the two factors that affect biodiversity? | speciation, extinction
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| 3 types of diversity | genetic diversity
species diversity
ecosystem diversity
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| where is biodiversity the highest? | Tropical Rain Forest
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| What are endemic species? | species that are found in a particular area and nowhere else.
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| What is biodiversity hotspot | Regions that contain at least 1500 endemic plant species that are found in a particular area and nowhere else.
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| what are endangered species? | a species of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction.
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| Habitat Fragmentation | breakup of large, contiguous ares of natural habitat into small, isolated pieces
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| overexploitation | Any unsustainable removal or wildlife from the natural environment of use by humans
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| invasive species | nonnative species that is introduced to a new area
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| Resistance | measure of how much a community is affected by a disturbance
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| Resilience | measure of how quickly a community recovers following a disturbance
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| benefits of biodiversity | resource use efficiency
facilitation
camping effects
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| How can we achieve conservation | sustainability
management plans
seed banks
conservation
wildlife corridors
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Created by:
BrookeMcCullen
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