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Biology Review 15-16

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Question
Answer
Why would an antibiotic not be as effective after multiple uses?   The bacteria that survive reproduce, passing on their genes for antibiotic resistance to the next generation.  
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Many of the proteins in the human body are enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions. What is the relationship between enzymes and activation energy?   When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it decreases the activation energy of the reaction.  
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What greenhouse gas is released when fossil fuels are burned and also plays a major role in photosynthesis?   carbon dioxide  
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Which two substances are the products of cellular respiration and the reactants of photosynthesis?   carbon dioxide and water  
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If a plant has drooping leaves, what happens when the plant is watered?   The environment changes from hypotonic to hypertonic, the central vacuole swells, and the leaves stop drooping.  
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What type of evidence is NOW available to support Darwin's theory, but was not available during Darwin's time?   Comparing the DNA sequences of different species  
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Today, biologists classify sponges as animals rather than plants. What evidence supports today's classification?   Sponges cannot make their own food.  
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Charles Darwin speculated that, over time, natural selection could change a population to the point of   producing a new species.  
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An example of natural selection within a population is   A small number of grapevines are resistant to an insect infestation, allowing them to survive and reproduce.  
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Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation in a population. Which is a way that meiosis and fertilization lead to genetic variation?   Alleles are recombined when gametes from different parents join together.  
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