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NHS-Biology Review#2
Biology Review 15-16
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Why would an antibiotic not be as effective after multiple uses? | The bacteria that survive reproduce, passing on their genes for antibiotic resistance to the next generation. |
Many of the proteins in the human body are enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions. What is the relationship between enzymes and activation energy? | When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it decreases the activation energy of the reaction. |
What greenhouse gas is released when fossil fuels are burned and also plays a major role in photosynthesis? | carbon dioxide |
Which two substances are the products of cellular respiration and the reactants of photosynthesis? | carbon dioxide and water |
If a plant has drooping leaves, what happens when the plant is watered? | The environment changes from hypotonic to hypertonic, the central vacuole swells, and the leaves stop drooping. |
What type of evidence is NOW available to support Darwin's theory, but was not available during Darwin's time? | Comparing the DNA sequences of different species |
Today, biologists classify sponges as animals rather than plants. What evidence supports today's classification? | Sponges cannot make their own food. |
Charles Darwin speculated that, over time, natural selection could change a population to the point of | producing a new species. |
An example of natural selection within a population is | A small number of grapevines are resistant to an insect infestation, allowing them to survive and reproduce. |
Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation in a population. Which is a way that meiosis and fertilization lead to genetic variation? | Alleles are recombined when gametes from different parents join together. |