chapter 8 vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Nucleotides | are small units, or monomers, that make up DNA
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| Double helix | model, in which two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder.
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| Base pairing rules | Thymine (T) always pairs with adenine (A), and cytosine (C) always pairs with guanine (G).
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| replication | A process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle.
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| DNA polymerases | Bond the new nucleotides together.
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| central dogma | theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.
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| RNA | or ribonucleic acid, is a chain of nucleotides, each made of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base.
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| transcription | is the process of copying a sequence of DNA to reproduce a complementary strand of RNA.
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| RNA polymerases | enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule.
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| mRNA | is an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein.
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| rRNA | forms part of ribosomes, a cell's protein factories.
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| tRNA | brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein.
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| translation | is the process that converts, or translates, an mRNA message into a polypeptide.
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| codon | is a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid.
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| stop codon | signals the end of the amino acid chain.
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| anti codon | is a set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA codon.
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| start codon | which signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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