Exam 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Adolescent | 11-24 years old
Transitional stage between childhood and adulthood, starts at onset of puberty
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| Puberty | Males:14 Females:13
Changes in the reproductive, endocrine, and structural processes that lead to fertility. Rapid changes in physical, psychosocial, spiritual, moral, and cognitive growth
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| Sweat Glands | Axillary, genital, and umbilical areas.
Source of B.O.
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| Sebaceous Glands | Face, shoulders, chest, upper back, neck, genitals.
Can become clogged or inflamed with debris
Increased sebum
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| Acne | Q1
80-84% of adolescence have acne
Wash face two-three times a day with soap and water
Vigorous scrubbing should be discouraged, squeezing leads to further injury or irritation
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| Blackheads | open comedones
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| White heads | closed comedones
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| Risk-Taking Behavior | "Peter pan" ideology and experimentation
invulnerability to illness or injury
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| Slang | Texting, popular dress, drug use, peer activities
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| Partnering Approach | Q7
Support autonomy; Focus on strengths
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| Scoliosis | Q8
Curvature of the spine; S-shaped
Screenings for prepubertal and pubertal adolescents
Common in females
Early identification important; disfigurement, impaired morbidity, cardiopulmonary complications
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| Primary Sex Characteristics | Essential for reproduction
Female- uterus/vagina
Male- testis/penis
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| Secondary Sex Characteristics | Not essential for reproduction
Breasts, facial/pubic hair, low voice
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| Tanner Staging | Chart to monitor the degree of maturation of the primary and secondary sex characteristics
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| Gynecomastia | Development of breasts (unilateral/bilateral) prior to a growth spurt- males
Typically temporary and usually disappear
Occasionally persists and leads to body image problems
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| Males | Thinning of the scrotal sac and enlargement of testicles
Ejaculation; nocturnal emissions
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| Females | Development of breast buds
Menarche, typically have a higher pulse than males
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| Menarche | Start of menstruation
Typically two years after formation of breast buds
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| Teens* | Less acute illnesses than children
Less chronic illnesses than adults
Overall less hospital visits
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| Turner Syndrome XO | Females- only one X chromosome than two X's
Short stature, shield shaped chest, low hair line, lack of reproductive development, remain sterile, low set ears, cardiac/renal anomalies present
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| Klinefelter Syndrome XXY | Males- Extra Y chromosome
Seldom diagnosed before puberty
Tall, thin, behavioral/learning problems, do not develop secondary sex characteristics, androgen therapy, remains sterile
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| Body Image | Feels of and views of body and influence of social norms/expectations
Media influence/ health perception- Q4
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| Anorexia Nervosa | Q10
Affects more females than males
Feeling of control- restricted eating, high physical activity, brittle hair and nails, yellowish skin tone, thinness, self-starvation, muscle weakness, constipation, lack of menstruation, decreased sexual interest
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| Bulimia Nervosa | Affects females more than males
Binge eating of high-caloric foods, purge by self-induced vomiting or laxatives, affects electrolyte imbalance, teeth, dehydration
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| Binge Eating Disorder | Compulsive over eating
Eating while watching TV, playing video games, or internet surfing
Leads to obesity and possible type II diabetes
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| Diabetes | Type 1- high amount of glucose found in the blood. Uncontrolled= kidney failure, blindness, amputations
Type 2- can be diagnosed at any age
Overweight/inactive lifestyle; helped with lifestyle changes
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| Sleep-rest | Need 8 hours of sleep a night
Texting, jobs, extracurricular activities,substance abuse, early start to high school.
Mood swings and behavioral problems
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| Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development | Q3- Formal operations- can focus on formation of thoughts, objects, and experiences, rather than the content
Groundwork for abstract thinking
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| Introspection | Ego-centrism- belief of being the primary focus; special, unique, and exceptional
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| Idealism | Necessary part of normal thinking
Goes against family beliefs, religion, or social causes due to its appearance of not solving social problems fast enough
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| Erikson's Theory of Psycho-social Development | Form of an identity; opposing of role confusion leading to an identity crisis. Staging previous stages of psycho-social development
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| Body piercings and tattoos | 30%
Form of self expression; risk for HIV, hepatitis, blood-borne illnesses
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| Breast/testicular exams | Females- 2-3 days after period ends when breasts are least tender or sensitive
Males- after or during a warm shower
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| Depressive disorder | Use of the words: sad, low, blue, down, hopeless, worried, bored, discouraged.
Depressed, irritable mood, lack of pleasure in usual activities
Linked with obesity and STI's
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| Dysthymia | Depressive disorder that continues for a long period of time with no more than two months of relief
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| Suicide | Third leading cause of death in this age group (10-24)
Can be prevented; adolescence show many signs
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| Accidents | Motor- 20 times more likely than any other age group
Violence- weapons, music lyrics, test limits
Sports injury- vulnerable, immature, poor judgment
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| Infection | Mononucleosis "kissing disease"
Direct contact of oropharyngeal secretions
Prevalent among adolescents; Sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, lethargy, high sexual energy = high risk-taking behaviors. STD infections
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| Tobacco use | Starts in adolescent age
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| Cancer | Cervical Cancer risks:
Smoking, high number of sexual partners, partner that has a high number of sexual partners, engaging in sexual intercourse before the age of 20, history of STDs
Annual PAP exam, pelvic exam, and HPV vaccination
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| Cognitive | Future orientated, ability to delay immediate satisfaction, increased cognitive skills and understanding, increased vocabulary--slang, electronic communication
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