Biochemistry Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| A ________ changes the structure of a compound but does not alter its chemical properties. | Functional group
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| Peptide bonds | Link amino acids together
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| Primary structure of a protein is determined by: | The sequence of amino acids making up its polypeptide chain.
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| Proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. | Nitrogen.
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| Can be storage or structural molecules | Carbohydrates
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| These large, nonpolar organic molecules that store more energy per gram than other organic compounds. | Lipids
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| Hydrocarbon chains containing multiple single bonds between carbons. | Saturated fatty acids
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| A type of lipid with 4 linked carbon ring structures, and no fatty acid chains | Steroids
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| True or False: The three functional parts of an amino acid are: amino group (NH3), carboxyl group (COOH), R- group | True
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| The unique structure on every amino acid | R - group
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| Condensation reactions link monomers to form polymers | link monomers to form polymers
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| monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are: | Carbohydrates.
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| Polysaccharides can store: | Energy and provide structural support
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| Hydrolysis reactions: | Breakdown polymers (polypeptides, polysaccharides, lipids)
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| A wax is a lipid. | True
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| A starch is a lipid. | False
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| Saturated fats are _________ at room temperature due to______ bonds between the carbon of their back bone. | solid, single
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| Unsaturated fats are ________ at room temperature due to at least one ______bond in the carbon backbone. | liquid, double
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| Cellulose is a ________ molecule in plants | Structural
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| True or false Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy for living things. | True
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| Glucose is an example of a: | Monosaccharide.
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| Proteins are composed of one or more | Polypeptides or long chains of amino acids.
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| True or False: Phospholipids are specialized lipids which makeup the cell membrane. | True
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| True or False: Glycogen is a __________ polysaccharide found in animals. | Storage
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| True or False: Lipids can be broken down into sub units that are all exactly identical to each other. | False
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| Lipids are __________ in water. | Insoluble
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| True or False: A triglyceride is composed of 3 fatty acids and a ___________ molecule | Glycerol
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| Phospholipids contain 2 fatty acids and: | A phosphate group linked to a glycerol molecule
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| Phospholipids are polar and organise into set positions in water, true or false? | True
Remember phosphate groups contain a polar oxygen atom which can form hydrogen bonds with water. The fatty acids contain carbon and hydrogen only. So, the phosphate group is hydrophilic and the fatty acid chains are hydrophobic.
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| True or false: All lipids contain fatty acid chains | False:
Remember steroids don't contain these !
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| Ester bonds, peptide bonds and glycosidic bonds are all formed by condensation reactions, true or false? | True
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| Triglycerides contain 3 Ester bonds, phospholipids contain 2, true or false? | True.
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| Peptide bonds form between the ________ and ____________ groups on neighbouring amino acids. | N (Amino) and C (Carboxyl)
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| Glucose has 2 isomers - distinguished by the position of the hydroxyl (OH) group on the __________carbon of the sugar ring. | First
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