biology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| nucleotide | monomer that forms DNA and has a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base
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| double helix | model that compares the structure of a DNA molecule in which 2 strands wind around one another to that of a twisted ladder
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| base pairing rules | rule that describes how nucleotides form bonds in DNA; adenine (A) always bond with thymine (T) and guanine (G) always bonds with cytosine (C)
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| replication | process by which DNA is copied
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| DNA polymerase | enzyme that makes bonds between nucleotides, forming an identical strand of DNA during replication
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| central dogma | theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins
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| RNA | nucleic acid molecule that allows for the transmission of genetic information and protein synthesis
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| transcription | process of copying a nucleotide sequence of DNA to form a complementary strand of mRNA.
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| RNA polymerase | enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template
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| messenger RNA (mRNA) | form of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where it serves as a template for protein synthesis
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| ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | RNA that is in the ribosome and guides the translation of mRNA into a protein; also used as a molecular clock
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| transfer RNA (tRNA) | form of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
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| translation | process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
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| codon | sequence of 3 nucleotides that codes for 1 amino acid
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| stop codon | codon that signals to ribosomes to stop translation
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| start codon | codon that signals to ribosomes to begin translation; codes for the first amino acid in a protein
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| anticodon | set of 3 nucleotides in a tRNA molecule that binds to a complementary mRNA codon during translation
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Created by:
alexislaswell
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