chapter 11
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| heterozygous | contrasting alleles
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| karyotype | a display or picture of all the chromosomes a cell's nucleus
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| homozygous | two identical alleles
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| human genome project | collaborative effort to map the entire human genetic sequence
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| gametes | sex cells ( egg & sperm )
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| genome | the entire set of an organism's gene
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| recessive | the allele that is marked by another
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| hereditary | the passing of traits from parents to their offspring
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| probability | mathematical way to predict the results of simple genetic crosses
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| Punnett square | a chart used to show genetic crossing and probability
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| haploid | half the number of chromosomes, N
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| diploid | a full set of chromosome, 2N
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| dominant | allele that makes another alleles expression
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| Trisomy 21 | also known as down syndrome; results from having an extra copy of chromosomes 21; causes mental retardation.
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| somatic cells | cells found in the body; non-reproductive
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| alleles | one of a number of different forms of the same gene for a specific trait
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| meiosis | a process in which the number of chromosomes in a cell is reduced in haploid sperm or egg
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| genetic engineering | techniques used to alter an organism's DNA includes human growth hormone, insulin, and resistant fruits and vegetables
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| recombinant's | individuals with new combinations of genes
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| incomplete dominance | when an intermediate phenotype occurs, no dominant trait
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| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism
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| monohybrid | the crossing of one type of trait or factor
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| genetic disorder | disease caused by an abnormal gene
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| dihybrid | the crossing of two different factors
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| mutation | a change or mistake in the DNA sequence
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| inheritance | the process of passing traits from parents to offspring
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| phenotype | the physical characteristics of an organism
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| gene | segment of a chromosome that controls traits; contains the code for making a single protein
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| bio-information | information technology to store, collect, and retrieve genetic information; major studies in this field includes gene sequencing, genome assembly, prediction of gene expression
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| cancer | a disorder of cell growth that results in the invasion and destruction of surroundings healthy tissue by abnormal cells
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| DNA polymerase | differences between the DNA sequences of individuals
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| polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | process used to clone DNA sequence for further study or manipulation
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| zygote | a cell that resulted from the fusion of an egg and sperm; a fertilized cell
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| translocation | type of chromosomes mutation that occurs when a chromosome piece ends up on completely different nonhomologous chromosome
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| hybrid | offspring of a cross between parents that have different traits; a cross between individuals of different species, subspecies of varieties.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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