Structure and Function of Some Major Cell Parts
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| Plasma Membrane | Structure - Phospholipid bilayer studden with proteins
Function - Serves as the boundary of the cell; protein and carbohydrate molecules on the outer surface perform various functions.
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| Ribosomes | Structure - Tiny particles, each made up of rRNA subunits
Function - Synthesize proteins; a cell's "protein factory"
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| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Structure - Rough ER receives and transports reticulum synthesized proteins (from ribosomes); smooth ER synthesizes lipids and certain carbohydrates
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| Golgi Apparatus | Structure - Stack of flattened, membranous sacs
Function - Chemically processes, then packages substances from the ER
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| Mitochondria | Structure - Membranous capsules containing a large, folded internal membrane encrusted with enzymes
Function - ATP synthesis; a cell's "power plants"
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| Lysosome | Structure - "Bubble" of hydrolysis enzymes encased by membrane
Function - A cell's digestive bad; it breaks apart large molecules
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| Centrosome | Structure - Area near nucleus without a visible boundary; contains centrioles
Function - Organizes microtubules of the cytoskeleton
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| Centrioles | Structure - Pair of hollow cylinders, each made up of tiny tubules within the centrosome
Function - Help organize and move chromosomes during cell reproduction
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| Microvilli | Structure - Tiny cell surface extensions supported by an internal cylinder made of microtubules
Function - Increase surface area of plasma membrane for efficiency of absorption
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| Cilia | Structure- Hairlike cell surface extensions supported by an internal cylinder made of microtubules
Function - Sensory antennae to detect conditions outside the cell; some cilia also move substances over surface of the cell
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| Flagellum | Structure - Long whiplike projection on the sperm
Function - The only example in humans is the tail of a sperm cell, propelling the sperm through fluids
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| Nucleus | Structure - Double membraned, spherical envelope containing DNA strands
Function - Contains DNA, which dictates protein synthesis, thereby playing an essential role in other cell activities such as transport, metabolism, growth, and heredity
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| Nucleolus | Structure - Dense region of the nucleus
Function - Makes subunits that form ribosomes
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Created by:
califout7
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