Chapter 12 vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| nucleic acid | complex biomolecule that stores cellular information as a code
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| double helix | twisted ladder shape formed by two strands of nucleotides twisted around each other
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| template | a molecule of DNA that is a pattern for synthesis of a new DNA molecule
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| DNA polymerase | the enzyme that catalyzes (aids) the addition of nucleotides to the new DNA strand, one at a time.
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| semiconservative replication | DNA molecules formed through replication that have one parental strand and one new strand of DNA
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| synthesis | the composition or combination of parts to form a whole
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| RNA | a single stranded nucleic acid with ribose as the sugar.
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| messenger RNA | strands of RNA formed from DNA that travel from the nucleus to the ribosome to direct protein synthesis.
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| ribosomal RNA | type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribosomes
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| transfer RNA | small segments of RNA that carry amino acids to the ribosome
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| intron | the parts of the mRNA transcript that are removed before the mRNA leaves the nucleus (doesn't code for the protein)
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| exon | the parts of the mRNA transcript that make up the final RNA that leaves the nucleus
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| codon | a three base code in DNA or RNA
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| translation | a process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled
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| transcription | a process in which the DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the nucleus
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