CGC1D Mr. Rajala study for exam
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| Geography | show 🗑
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| Population Density | show 🗑
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| Geo-technologies | show 🗑
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| show | - the value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year
- allows a more direct comparison between countries
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| show | - a representation of the Earth's features drawn on a flat surface
- there are many different types f maps including, topographic, thematic, general purpose, large-scale, small-scale, and digital maps
- There are also six essential features to a map
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| The Six Essential Features of A Map | show 🗑
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| show | - a measurement on a map that represents a distance on the Earth's surface
- There are different types of scale, including direct statement scale, representative fraction, and line scales
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| Small-Scale Map | show 🗑
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| Large-Scale Map | show 🗑
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| General Purpose Map | show 🗑
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| show | - a map containing information of only one topic/ theme (tend to be easy to understand)
- climate, soil type, vegetation, etc.
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| Topographic Maps | show 🗑
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| Latitude | show 🗑
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| show | - The distance, measured in degrees, east or west of the Prime Meridian
- The Prime Meridian is 0* and the anti- Meridian is 180*
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| Compass Point | show 🗑
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| Compass Rose | show 🗑
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| Compass Bearing | show 🗑
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| Alphanumeric Grid | show 🗑
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| Map/ Military Grid | show 🗑
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| Easting | show 🗑
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| show | - the last three figures in a map reference giving the north/south location
- Along the side of the map grid (increase from south to north)
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| show | - a meridian of longitude on maps that runs from the north pole to the south pole
- located at 0*
- runs through Greenwich, England
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| Equator | show 🗑
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| show | - a parallel of latitude at 23.5*N
- the summer solstice occurs when the sun is directly over the tropic at ~ June 21
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| show | - a parallel of latitude at 23.5*S
- the winter solstice occurs when the sun is directly over the tropic at ~ December 21
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| show | - a parallel of latitude located at 66.5*N
- marks the southern-most point of a polar day (a period of 24 hours of sunlight) < summer solstice
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| Antarctic Circle | show 🗑
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| Direct Statement Scale | show 🗑
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| show | - a line divided into units of distance that represent the actual units on the ground
- ex. 0|------|-------|10 km
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| Representative Fraction Scale | show 🗑
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| show | - a theory proposed by Alfred Wegener stating that 300 mill. years ago, the continents were all joined together as Pangaea and about 200 mill. years ago it broke apart
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| show | 1) Similar fossils have been found in SA and Africa
2) SA and Africa look like they once fit together
3) The Appalachian and Caledonia mountain ranges are similar in age and pattern
4) Glaciation in SA an Africa where there shouldn't be
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| Pangaea | show 🗑
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| show | - a theory by J. Tuzo Wilson that states that Earth's outer shell is made up of different plates
- these plates are responsible for earthquakes, volcanoes, etc.
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| show | - the circular movement of magma in the crust that causes the plates to move
- magma is heated and rises to the crust, as it rises it cools and sinks back down to the core.
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| show | - the wearing away of the Earth's surface followed by the movement to another location
- caused by moving water, ice wind, and other natural forces
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| Sediments | show 🗑
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| show | - the state of being covered in glaciers or massive ice sheets (from 1 mill. to 12,000 yrs ago)
- the glaciers were constantly moving and they shaped the land in many different ways
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| Subduction | show 🗑
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| show | - the earth's crust is made up of many different plates
- There are 8 continental plates that are not submerged in water (Earth's major)
- There are 6 oceanic plates
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| Ice Age | show 🗑
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| Canadian Shield | show 🗑
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| Weather | show 🗑
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| Climate | show 🗑
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| Latitude (factor) | show 🗑
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| show | - when air passes over water it gets warmer
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| Wind and wind Direction/ Air Mass (factor) | show 🗑
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| show | The higher up you are the colder it gets because the air isn't as condense
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| Relief Precipitation (factor) | show 🗑
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| Near Water (factor) | show 🗑
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| show | - a large body of air that has the same conditions of the area where it was formed
- the same temperature and precipitation throughout
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| Prevailing Winds | show 🗑
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| Polar Front | show 🗑
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| Jet Stream | show 🗑
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| show | - a process where water vapor is cooled and change from a gas to a liquid
- this process helps makes water droplets in clouds
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| Relief Precipitation | show 🗑
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| show | - precipitation that occurs in the summertime
- the hot ground heats the air above it and causes it to rise
- as it rises it cools and causes precipitation
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| Maritime Climate | show 🗑
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| Continental Climate | show 🗑
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| Moderating Effect | show 🗑
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| show | - a surface of Earth composed of BAMM
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| Humus | show 🗑
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| show | - different layers in the soil and the rock layer below the soil
- Each layer has different characteristics
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| show | - a process where water carries minerals upward through the soil(dry).
- The water evaporates and leaves the minerals behind(topsoil is calcified)
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| Leaching | show 🗑
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| show | - the northernmost vegetation region in Canada
- Too cold for trees. Its above the tree line
- There are lots of grasses, bushes, shrubs, etc.
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| show | - an area where the characteristics of one vegetation region gradually change to those of another
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| show | - permanently frozen ground that doesn't thaw in the summer
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| Boreal and Taiga Forest | show 🗑
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| Coniferous Trees | show 🗑
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| Deciduous Trees | show 🗑
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| show | - a distinct ecological region determined on the basis of physical, biological, and human factors
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| show | - when someone comes into a new country
- there are 3 types of immigrants: Ecological, Family, and Refugee
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| show | - when someone leaves their country for another
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| show | - the study of population numbers, distribution, trends, and issues
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| show | - The number of births/deaths per 1000 people
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| Natural Increase Rate | show 🗑
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| show | - the number of new immigrants/ emigrants per 1000 people
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| show | - a rate that shows the difference of new immigrants and emigrants to a country
- Immigration Rate - Emigration Rate
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| Population Growth Rate | show 🗑
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| Doubling Time | show 🗑
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| The Rule of 70 | show 🗑
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| show | - part of a countries population that is below the age of 14 and above the age of 65
- They aren't in the workforce
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| show | - a graph that shows the percent of the population in an age group and sex
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| Aboriginal Peoples | show 🗑
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| show | - agreements made between the First Nations people and the Europeans (now Canadian government)
- Signed to accomplish goals (and unfair)
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| show | - economic activities that allow a community to exist
- The First Nations people had to retain access to enough and to secure a stable economic base
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| First Nations | show 🗑
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| show | - a small area given to the First Nations people by the Canadian government so they could fish and hunt
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| show | - a degree that stated that the land ownerships rights of the Aboriginals was to be respected
- if First Nation land was to be sold, then it would receive equal pay
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| Indian Act, 1876 | show 🗑
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| Band | show 🗑
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| Self-Government | show 🗑
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| Assimilate | show 🗑
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| show | - a claim available to the FN people who haven't signed a treaty before
- deals with lots of issues: land, self-G, ownership, resources, hunting, financial compensation
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| show | - a treaty for FN people that haven't signed a treaty before
- ex. Nunavut
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| Specific Claim | show 🗑
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| Multicultural | show 🗑
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| Push/ Pull Factors | show 🗑
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| Intervening Obstacles | show 🗑
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| Economic Immigrant | show 🗑
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| Family Immigrant | show 🗑
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| show | - someone who fears harsh treatment (or death) in their country
- people apply for status while living in Canada or abroad
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| show | - the relocation of individuals from one province to another
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| Rural | show 🗑
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| Population Distribution | show 🗑
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| show | - a figure calculated by dividing the population of a region by the region's area
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| show | - occurs outside of cities
-it is characterized by a low pop. density and a dispersed pattern
- Three factors affect it: Types of Resources in the area, Transportation methods available, and Government policy
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| show | - river frontage for transportation
- farmers would divide lots for children
- soon roads were added and second row of lots
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| Township System (Concession) | show 🗑
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| Section System | show 🗑
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| show | - towns and cities of 1000 people or more
- high pop. density and a clustered settlement pattern
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| show | -part of Christaller's theory
- the area around a community that trades with it
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| show | - an industry that sells it's products outside the community, bringing money into the community
- also establishes an economic base
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| Non-Basic Industry | show 🗑
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| Multiplier Effect | show 🗑
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| show | - a village, town, or city that exists primarily to provide goods and services for a surrounding hinterland
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| show | - the minimum of customers needed to make a business profitable or to allow services to be offered
- high vs. middle vs. low order goods and services
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| show | - the actual number of people by which a city or town's population grows
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| Urbanization | show 🗑
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| Residential Urban Land Use | show 🗑
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| Transportation: Urban Land Use | show 🗑
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| show | -low density development surrounding a city
- rapid and widespread urbanization
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| Site | show 🗑
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| High Order Goods and Services | show 🗑
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| Middle Order Goods and Services | show 🗑
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| show | - a product that is purchased frequently
- requires a small threshold pop.
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| show | - how urban, suburban, or rural land is and can be used
- parks, housing, industries, etc.
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| show | - a measure of the number of housing units per hectare
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| show | - laws usually passed by city government, controlling the kind and amount of development in an area
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| show | - referring to low-density housing areas, commercial areas, etc.
- usually found on the outskirts of a city between rural and urban
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| Primary Industry | show 🗑
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| Secondary Industry | show 🗑
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| Tertiary Industry | show 🗑
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| Quaternary Industry | show 🗑
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| Global Village | show 🗑
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| show | - a country with a poorly developed economy
- citizens have low incomes, shortages of food, poor housing, and they cannot afford luxuries
- often referred to as third world countries
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| Newly Industrialized Nations | show 🗑
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| show | - a country with a highly developed economy
- the citizens have high incomes, abundant food, good housing, and can afford many luxuries
- often called first world countries
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| Globalization | show 🗑
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| show | - short for Maquiladora
- a word for the assemble of imported component parts for re-export
- in many parts of Mexico and Central America
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| show | - a workplace where workers are subject to extreme exploitation
- absence of a living wage or benefits, poor working conditions, and bitrary discipline
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